Ethanol animal fat emulsions as a diesel engine fuel – Part 2: Engine test analysis

This work aims on the efficient use of animal fat in a diesel engine by making its stable emulsions with ethanol and water. A single cylinder direct injection diesel engine is tested using neat diesel, neat animal fat and animal fat emulsion (optimal emulsion) as fuels under variable load operating conditions. Results show increased peak pressure and ignition delay with ethanol animal fat emulsion as compared to neat fat. Heat release pattern shows improvement in the premixed combustion phase with animal fat emulsion as compared to neat animal fat. Drastic reduction in smoke, nitric oxide, hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions are observed with the emulsion as compared to neat fat and neat diesel mainly at high power outputs. Only, hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions are found as high with the emulsion at light loads. In general, animal fat emulsion shows considerable reduction in all emissions and improvement in engine performance as compared to neat fat.

[1]  Qin Zhang,et al.  Ethanol-diesel fuel blends -- a review. , 2005, Bioresource technology.

[2]  H. Zhen,et al.  Effect of cetane number improver on heat release rate and emissions of high speed diesel engine fueled with ethanol–diesel blend fuel , 2004 .

[3]  Milford A. Hanna,et al.  Optimization of diesel, methyl tallowate and ethanol blend for reducing emissions from diesel engine , 1995 .

[4]  Mohand Tazerout,et al.  Use of animal fats as CI engine fuel by making stable emulsions with water and methanol , 2005 .

[5]  N Ladommatos,et al.  Control of oxides of nitrogen from diesel engines using diluents while minimising the impact on particulate pollutants , 1998 .

[6]  Irshad Ahmed,et al.  Oxygenated Diesel: Emissions and Performance Characteristics of Ethanol-Diesel Blends in CI Engines , 2001 .

[7]  C. A. Larsen,et al.  An Optimization Study on the Control of NOx and Particulate Emissions from Diesel Engines , 1996 .

[8]  J. Czerwinski,et al.  Performance of HD-DI-Diesel Engine with Addition of Ethanol and Rapeseed Oil , 1994 .

[9]  E. A. Ajav,et al.  Experimental study of some performance parameters of a constant speed stationary diesel engine using ethanol--diesel blends as fuel , 1999 .

[10]  J. C. Summers,et al.  Simultaneous control of particulate and NOx emissions from diesel engines , 1996 .

[11]  Mohand Tazerout,et al.  Ethanol animal fat emulsions as a diesel engine fuel – Part 1: Formulations and influential parameters , 2006 .

[12]  Milford A. Hanna,et al.  Testing of alternative diesel fuel from tallow and soybean oil in cummins N14-410 diesel engine , 1995 .

[13]  E. A. Ajav,et al.  Thermal balance of a single cylinder diesel engine operating on alternative fuels , 2000 .

[14]  G. Vaitilingom,et al.  Interest of combining an additive with diesel–ethanol blends for use in diesel engines , 2001 .

[15]  Shijin Shuai,et al.  The effect of ethanol blended diesel fuels on emissions from a diesel engine , 2003 .

[16]  J. H. Van Gerpen,et al.  COMPARISON OF ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSIONS FOR PETROLEUM DIESEL FUEL, YELLOW GREASE BIODIESEL, AND SOYBEAN OIL BIODIESEL , 2003 .

[17]  Mohand Tazerout,et al.  Experimental investigations on the use of preheated animal fat as fuel in a compression ignition engine , 2005 .