Vertical-cavity surface-emitting semiconductor lasers: present status and future prospects

Dramatic progress in the development of high-quality vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VC-SELs) has been achieved during the last couple of years, with very strong contributions made by U.S. researchers. In particular, new concepts of microlasers and resonant-periodic- gain devices have been proposed and implemented, and devices with strained-quantum-well active regions have been demonstrated. This paper reviews the present status and future prospects for (VC-SELs), with emphasis on recent developments in the U.S.

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