Analysis of Chlorophyll Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Bl. Results of the Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum and Drought Stress

Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Bl. is a native orchid from Indonesia and one of Indonesia's national flowers, included in the list of endangered species. P. amabilis is also one of the orchid plants that is in high demand by various community groups, but P. amabilis production in Indonesia is still lagging behind other countries such as Thailand, Taiwan, Singapore and Australia.The obstacle faced in the growth of the orchid of the month is fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) which until now has not been effectively overcome. Aside from disease, inadequate water availability is a problem for orchid farmers.Drought stress in plants can result in slow increase in leaf area and affect stomata or photosynthesis in leaves and at mild to moderate levels can reduce plant productivity. The use of high yielding varieties that are resistant to Fo and drought with high yields is an important alternative for disease control and drought stress and does not cause negative impacts.The purpose of this study was to determine the specific expression character of P. amabilis leaflets resistant to fusaric acid (FA) and drought stress resistant in vitro including levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll. This study uses P. amabilis orchid plantlet with 5 levels of fusaric acid concentration, namely 0 ppm, 10 ppm, 20 ppm, 30 ppm, and 40 ppm, and consists of two factors, namely factor A: PEG 6000 concentration consisting of 3 treatments, namely 0% (A1), 5% (A2) and 10% (A3) and factor B: atonic solution consisting of 3 levels of treatment namely 0 mL / L (B1), 2 mL / L (B2) and 3 mL / L (B3).The results showed that the highest chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content of P. amabilis leaflets were at 40 ppm AF concentration and the lowest at 0 mL / L and PEG 6000 atonic treatment combinations with a concentration of 10%.

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