Seismic vulnerability and risk evaluation methods for urban areas. A review with application to a pilot area

Seismic vulnerability and risk evaluation methods for urban areas. A review with application to a pilot area Alex H. Barbat, Martha L. Carreño, Lluis G. Pujades, Nieves Lantada, Omar D. Cardona and Mabel C. Marulanda Department of Structural Mechanics, Civil Engineering School, Technical University of Catalonia, Edificio C1, Campus Norte UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, Barcelona, 08034, Spain; Department of Geotechnical Engineering and Geosciences, Civil Engineering School, Technical University of Catalonia, Edificio D2, Campus Norte UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, Barcelona, 08034, Spain; Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Campus Palogrande, IDEA, Cra. 27 No. 64-60, Manizales, Colombia