Era of nano-lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technology

Abstract Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technology can be successfully applied to the design and fabrication of novel miniaturized systems for the sensitive recognition of target compound/s with very low sample requirements and a small footprint, in a low-cost and automated way and for on-site analysis. Synthetic chemistry can also take advantage of the superiorities of LOC technology. Increased heat and mass transfer, as well as parallelization capabilities, can give researchers a new paradigm. In this chapter, an overview of LOC technology, including its evolution and latest applications in biological, food, and environmental samples, is provided.