Mycoremediation of Organic Pollutants: Principles, Opportunities, and Pitfalls

The possibility of using fungi and fungal enzymes in the remediation of persistent organopullutants is a subject of keen interest to both microbiologists and scientists working in the auspices of the environmental sciences. This chapter reviews the proven ability of several saprotrophic fungi with distinct physiological and biochemical features to degrade and mineralize a wide range of organic and xenobiotic pollutants, including oil-derived products, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins and furans, pesticides, herbicides, nitroaromatic explosives and pharmaceuticals. Finally, insights into this complex subject are presented, based on current information from pilot- and field-scale trials, as to why fungi should be considered as suitable candidates to design effective bioremediation technologies for persistent organic pollutants and other emerging organic micropollutants.

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