Effect of Induced Acute Diabetes and Insulin Therapy on Stratum Corneum Barrier Function in Rat Skin

Background: A wide variety of cutaneous manifestations are associated with diabetes. However, there is a paucity of information on stratum corneum barrier function in diabetics, with and without insulin therapy. Methods: To assess for alteration of the stratum corneum, its barrier function was tested by evaluating the percutaneous absorption of water, ethanol, lidocaine and hydrocortisone, in vitro, on normal control, 4-week diabetic and 8-day insulin-treated diabetic Sprague-Dawley CD rats. Results: Total water penetration was not different between the 3 groups though flux profiles were different. Both total penetration and peak flux of lidocaine and hydrocortisone increased slightly in the diabetic rats over the control group. However, total penetration and peak flux (including ethanol) were significantly increased in the insulin-treated rats. Conclusion: The data indicate that diabetes modestly alters stratum corneum physiology but less so than that seen following insulin therapy.

[1]  Xiyun Ye,et al.  Blood glucose fluctuation affects skin collagen metabolism in the diabetic mouse by inhibiting the mitogen‐activated protein kinase and Smad pathways , 2013, Clinical and experimental dermatology.

[2]  Li Jin,et al.  The Role of EGFR/ERK/ELK-1 MAP Kinase Pathway in the Underlying Damage to Diabetic Rat Skin , 2013, Indian journal of dermatology.

[3]  Jeff Davies.  Reproduced with the permission of Bird life Australia and , 2013 .

[4]  Hwa-Young Park,et al.  A long‐standing hyperglycaemic condition impairs skin barrier by accelerating skin ageing process , 2011, Experimental dermatology.

[5]  Guo-feng Li,et al.  [The histological changes of diabetic rats' skin and the effects on the percutaneous absorption of glucocorticoid]. , 2010, Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica.

[6]  B. Sadr,et al.  Biophysical characteristics of skin in diabetes: a controlled study , 2009, Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV.

[7]  S. Montenegro,et al.  Intermittent dietary restriction in eSS diabetic rats. Effects on metabolic control and skin morphology , 1990, Acta diabetologia latina.

[8]  L. Kass,et al.  Requirement of hydrocortisone and insulin for extended proliferation and passage of rat keratinocytes , 1981, In Vitro.

[9]  Y. Huang,et al.  Tissue phospholipid fatty acid composition in the diabetic rat , 1984, Lipids.

[10]  L. Millard,et al.  The skin in diabetes mellitus , 1988, Diabetologia.

[11]  M. Gloor,et al.  Biochemical and physiological particularities on the skin surface of diabetics , 1975, Archives of Dermatological Research.

[12]  Hachiro Tagami,et al.  Characteristics of the epidermis and stratum corneum of hairless mice with experimentally induced diabetes mellitus. , 2003, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[13]  K. Kitamura,et al.  [The cutaneous manifestations of diabetes mellitus]. , 1997, Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine.

[14]  T. Franz,et al.  Effect of age and diet on stratum corneum barrier function in the Fischer 344 female rat. , 1993, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[15]  H. Sueki,et al.  [Increased corneocyte surface area in the diabetic skin]. , 1991, Nihon Hifuka Gakkai zasshi. The Japanese journal of dermatology.

[16]  J. Fransson,et al.  Epidermal Growth , 1988, International journal of dermatology.

[17]  M. L. Chiu,et al.  Stimulation of thymidine incorporation in keratinocytes by insulin, epidermal growth factor, and placental extract: comparison with cell number to assess growth. , 1988, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[18]  P. Elias,et al.  Endocrine-skin interactions. Cutaneous manifestations of pituitary disease, thyroid disease, calcium disorders, and diabetes. , 1987, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[19]  C. Bombardier,et al.  Pathologic features of diabetic thick skin. , 1987, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[20]  L. Delbridge,et al.  Non‐enzymatic glycosylation of keratin from the stratum corneum of the diabetic foot , 1985, The British journal of dermatology.

[21]  P. Elias,et al.  The permeability barrier in essential fatty acid deficiency: evidence for a direct role for linoleic acid in barrier function. , 1980, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[22]  F. Faas,et al.  Fatty Acid Desaturation in Experimental Diabetes Mellitus , 1979, Diabetes.

[23]  Elias Pm,et al.  The mammalian cutaneous permeability barrier: defective barrier function is essential fatty acid deficiency correlates with abnormal intercellular lipid deposition. , 1978 .

[24]  P. Elias,et al.  The mammalian cutaneous permeability barrier: defective barrier function is essential fatty acid deficiency correlates with abnormal intercellular lipid deposition. , 1978, Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology.

[25]  T. Franz.  The finite dose technique as a valid in vitro model for the study of percutaneous absorption in man. , 1978, Current problems in dermatology.

[26]  D. I. Wilkinson.  Some factors affecting C 14 -acetate incorporation into polyunsaturated fatty acids of skin. , 1973, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[27]  S. Hsia,et al.  Lipid metabolism in human skin. II. A study of lipogenesis in skin of diabetic patients. , 1966, The Journal of investigative dermatology.