Chaotic laser based physical random bit streaming system with a computer application interface

We demonstrate a random bit streaming system that uses a chaotic laser as its physical entropy source. By performing real-time bit manipulation for bias reduction, we were able to provide the memory of a personal computer with a constant supply of ready-to-use physical random bits at a throughput of up to 4 Gbps. We pay special attention to the end-to-end entropy source model describing how the entropy from physical sources is converted into bit entropy. We confirmed the statistical quality of the generated random bits by revealing the pass rate of the NIST SP800-22 test suite to be 65 % to 75 %, which is commonly considered acceptable for a reliable random bit generator. We also confirmed the stable operation of our random bit steaming system with long-term bias monitoring.

[1]  Adi Shamir,et al.  How to share a secret , 1979, CACM.

[2]  Elaine B. Barker,et al.  A Statistical Test Suite for Random and Pseudorandom Number Generators for Cryptographic Applications , 2000 .

[3]  Atsushi Uchida,et al.  Tb/s physical random bit generation with bandwidth-enhanced chaos in three-cascaded semiconductor lasers. , 2015, Optics express.

[4]  Dean J. Driebe,et al.  Fully Chaotic Maps and Broken Time Symmetry , 1999 .

[5]  G. R. BLAKLEY.  Safeguarding cryptographic keys , 1979, 1979 International Workshop on Managing Requirements Knowledge (MARK).

[6]  Kazuyuki Yoshimura,et al.  Noise robustness of unpredictability in a chaotic laser system: toward reliable physical random bit generation. , 2015, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[7]  Akihiro Yamaguchi,et al.  On the pass rate of NIST statistical test suite for randomness , 2010, JSIAM Letters.

[8]  Atsushi Uchida,et al.  Fast random bit generation with bandwidth-enhanced chaos in semiconductor lasers. , 2010, Optics express.

[9]  Andrew Chi-Chih Yao,et al.  Protocols for secure computations , 1982, FOCS 1982.

[10]  Pu Li,et al.  4.5 Gbps high-speed real-time physical random bit generator. , 2013, Optics express.

[11]  S. Yoshimori,et al.  Characteristics of Fast Physical Random Bit Generation Using Chaotic Semiconductor Lasers , 2009, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics.

[12]  I Kanter,et al.  Ultrahigh-speed random number generation based on a chaotic semiconductor laser. , 2009, Physical review letters.

[13]  Andrew Chi-Chih Yao,et al.  Protocols for Secure Computations (Extended Abstract) , 1982, FOCS.

[14]  Kenichi Arai,et al.  Fast physical random bit generation with photonic integrated circuits with different external cavity lengths for chaos generation. , 2014, Optics express.

[15]  Atsushi Uchida,et al.  Fast nondeterministic random-bit generation using on-chip chaos lasers , 2011 .

[16]  Silvio Micali,et al.  How to play ANY mental game , 1987, STOC.

[17]  Jun Muramatsu,et al.  Theory of fast nondeterministic physical random-bit generation with chaotic lasers. , 2012, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[18]  Junji Ohtsubo,et al.  Semiconductor Lasers : Stability , Instability and Chaos , 2013 .

[19]  Ingo Fischer,et al.  Fast Random Bit Generation Using a Chaotic Laser: Approaching the Information Theoretic Limit , 2013, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics.

[20]  I. Kanter,et al.  An optical ultrafast random bit generator , 2010 .

[21]  Pu Li,et al.  A robust random number generator based on differential comparison of chaotic laser signals. , 2012, Optics express.

[22]  S. Deligiannidis,et al.  Implementation of 140 Gb/s true random bit generator based on a chaotic photonic integrated circuit. , 2010, Optics express.

[23]  John Kelsey,et al.  Recommendation for the Entropy Sources Used for Random Bit Generation , 2018 .

[24]  Atsushi Uchida,et al.  Differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution experiment using fast physical random bit generator with chaotic semiconductor lasers. , 2009, Optics express.

[25]  Zeng Yong,et al.  Study on the Pass Rate of NIST SP800-22 Statistical Test Suite , 2014, 2014 Tenth International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security.

[26]  Claude E. Shannon,et al.  Communication theory of secrecy systems , 1949, Bell Syst. Tech. J..

[27]  A. Uchida,et al.  Fast physical random bit generation with chaotic semiconductor lasers , 2008 .

[28]  T. Yamazaki,et al.  Fast Random Number Generation With Bandwidth-Enhanced Chaotic Semiconductor Lasers at 8$\,\times\,$ 50 Gb/s , 2012, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[29]  C. Beck,et al.  Thermodynamics of chaotic systems , 1993 .

[30]  Kenichi Arai,et al.  Noise amplification by chaotic dynamics in a delayed feedback laser system and its application to nondeterministic random bit generation. , 2012, Chaos.

[31]  Yuta Terashima,et al.  Real-time fast physical random number generator with a photonic integrated circuit. , 2017, Optics express.