Professional development of teachers : critical success factors : research article
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Professionele ontwikkeling van onderwysers: deurslaggewende faktore om sukses te behaalProfessionele ontwikkeling het die afgelope aantal jare baie aandag ontvang. Ten spyte van navorsingsbevindings berus die ontwikkeling van professionele ontwikkelingsprogramme dikwels op foutiewe aan-names van sodanige navorsing of selfs op geen navorsing nie. Die doel met hierdie artikel is drieledig: om te verduidelik waarom sommige programme misluk; om kernfaktore te identifiseer wat die effektiewe implementering van professionele ontwikkeling kan beinvloed, en om die belangrikheid van kontekstuele faktore soos omgewing, interne toestande en individuele oorwegings, wat stukrag aan professionele ontwikkeling in skole gee, te beskryf. Spesifieke kategoriee wat beklemtoon is, sluit die volgende in: die leerstyle van opvoeders, toewyding van opvoeders, transformatiewe leierskap, buite-skoolse omstandighede, binne-skoolse omstandighede en die vereistes van professionele ontwikkelingsprogramme. Die ontwerp van professionele ontwikkelingsprogramme vir opvoeders vereis nuwe denke en nuwe wyses van interaksie wat ten doel het om die leerprestasies van leerlinge te verbeter.
Professional development (PD) has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years. Despite research findings, the development of many PD programmes often rests on faulty assumptions of such research or even no research at all. The purpose of this article is threefold: to explain why some PD programmes have been unsuccessful; to outline key factors that may influence the effective implementation of PD and to explain the importance of contextual factors like environment, internal conditions and individual considerations as the major sources of momentum for PD in schools. Specific categories that are high-lighted include the following: learning styles of educators, educator commitment, transformational leadership, out-of-school conditions, in-school conditions and requirements of PD programmes. The design of PD requires a new way of thinking and interacting and, most importantly, should be a step towards improved learner performance.