Simulation of seismic behaviour of gravity quay wall using a generalized plasticity model

Well-documented case histories of damage during earthquake to port structures made of gravity retaining quay walls during the period (1964-2003) show that the damage is often associated with significant deformation of liquefiable soil deposits. Gravity quay walls failures such as these have stimulated much progress in the development of a deformation-based design method for waterfront structures, such as the effective-stress analysis method. This method has been applied in this paper based on an elasto-plasiticity constitutive model developed by Pastor et al. (1990) with some minor modifications which is incorporated into a new FEM code called (UWLC). The simulations of the proposed model are compared with the published monotonic and cyclic tests for different types of sand under different initial densities, confining pressures and different Cyclic Stress Ratios (CSR). Further, the FEM code is evaluated by re-analysing the typical Port Island PC-1 caisson type quay wall which was damaged by the 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake. The results are compared with observed results which were obtained from the Ministry of Transport, Japan (1997) which includes seaward displacement, tilting and settlement which are known as typical failure modes of quay walls due to earthquake. Afterwards, several quay walls systems in different conditions have been analysed in order to identify the effect of each factor on the residual deformation of gravity quay walls.

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