A Survey of Answer Extraction Techniques in Factoid Question Answering

n question answering. In this paper, we survey several different techniques to answer extractio n for factoid question answering, which aims at accurately pin-pointing the exact answer in re trieved documents. We compare these techniques under a unified view, from the perspective o f the sources of information that each model uses, how they represent and extract these inform ation, and the model they use for combining multiple sources of information. From our com parison and analysis, we draw conclusions of the successes and deficiencies in past approa ches, and point out directions that may be interesting to future research.

[1]  Christopher D. Manning,et al.  Learning to recognize features of valid textual entailments , 2006, NAACL.

[2]  S. Levinson,et al.  Considerations in dynamic time warping algorithms for discrete word recognition , 1978 .

[3]  Grace Hui Yang,et al.  QUALIFIER In TREC-12 QA Main Task , 2003, TREC.

[4]  W. Bruce Croft,et al.  Combining the language model and inference network approaches to retrieval , 2004, Inf. Process. Manag..

[5]  Valentin Jijkoun,et al.  Overview of the CLEF 2006 Multilingual Question Answering Track , 2006, CLEF.

[6]  Fuchun Peng,et al.  Combining Deep Linguistics Analysis and Surface Pattern Learning: A Hybrid Approach to Chinese Definitional Question Answering , 2005, HLT.

[7]  Jinxi Xu,et al.  TREC 2003 QA at BBN: Answering Definitional Questions , 2003, TREC.

[8]  Dietrich Klakow,et al.  Exploring Correlation of Dependency Relation Paths for Answer Extraction , 2006, ACL.

[9]  Dietrich Klakow,et al.  Exploring Syntactic Relation Patterns for Question Answering , 2005, IJCNLP.

[10]  Ellen M. Voorhees,et al.  Overview of the TREC 2002 Question Answering Track , 2003, TREC.

[11]  Xiaoyan Li,et al.  Syntactic features in question answering , 2003, SIGIR.

[12]  Dan Roth,et al.  Mapping Dependencies Trees: An Application to Question Answering , 2003 .

[13]  Shih-Hung Wu,et al.  ASQA: Academia Sinica Question Answering System for NTCIR-5 CLQA , 2005, NTCIR.

[14]  Andrew Y. Ng,et al.  Robust Textual Inference via Graph Matching , 2005, HLT.

[15]  Ellen M. Voorhees.  Evaluating Answers to Definition Questions , 2003, HLT-NAACL.

[16]  Tat-Seng Chua,et al.  Dependency relation matching for answer selection , 2005, SIGIR '05.

[17]  Adwait Ratnaparkhi,et al.  Question Answering Using Maximum-Entropy Components , 2001, NAACL.

[18]  Eduard H. Hovy,et al.  Learning surface text patterns for a Question Answering System , 2002, ACL.

[19]  Adwait Ratnaparkhi,et al.  IBM's Statistical Question Answering System , 2000, TREC.

[20]  Jimmy J. Lin,et al.  Automatically Evaluating Answers to Definition Questions , 2005, HLT.

[21]  Hsin-Hsi Chen,et al.  Overview of the NTCIR-5 Cross-Lingual Question Answering Task (CLQA1) , 2005, NTCIR.

[22]  Yuji Matsumoto,et al.  Exploiting Syntactic Patterns as Clues in Zero-Anaphora Resolution , 2006, ACL.

[23]  Salim Roukos,et al.  Automatic Derivation of Surface Text Patterns for a Maximum Entropy Based Question Answering System , 2003, NAACL.

[24]  Martin M. Soubbotin.  Patterns of Potential Answer Expressions as Clues to the Right Answers , 2001, TREC.

[25]  Bernardo Magnini,et al.  Exploiting Linguistic Indices and Syntactic Structures for Multilingual Question Answering: ITC-irst at CLEF 2005 , 2005, CLEF.

[26]  Tat-Seng Chua,et al.  Question answering passage retrieval using dependency relations , 2005, SIGIR '05.

[27]  Kenneth C. Litkowski.  Question-Answering Using Semantic Relation Triples , 1999, TREC.

[28]  Salim Roukos,et al.  IBM's Statistical Question Answering System-TREC 11 , 2001, TREC.

[29]  Ellen M. Voorhees,et al.  Overview of the TREC 2004 Novelty Track. , 2005 .

[30]  Jimmy J. Lin,et al.  Selectively Using Relations to Improve Precision in Question Answering , 2003 .

[31]  Jörg Tiedemann,et al.  Question Answering for Dutch using Dependency Relations , 2005, CLEF.