BIOAUTOGRAPHY GUIDED SCREENING OF SELECTED INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS REVEALS POTENT ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ALLIUM SATIVUM EXTRACTS- IMPLICATION OF NON SULFUR COMPOUNDS IN INHIBITION

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the antimycobacterial activity of selected medicinal plant extracts and to screen the class of phytochemicals responsible for mycobacterial inhibition. Methods: Serial extraction, antimicrobial assay and Mycobacterium tuberculosis assay by agar well diffusion method, MIC by MABA assay, qualitative phytochemical test, contact bioautography, identification of active metabolites by spray reagents. Results: In the present investigation, extracts of six medicinal plants were tested for antibacterial property using selected gram-positive and gramnegative organisms. Of these, extracts of Acalypha indica, Adhatoda vasica and Allium sativum exhibited substantial inhibition of the microbial growth. Activity guided serial extraction was performed to identify potential fractions responsible for antimicrobial activity, including the inhibition of M. tuberculosis H37Ra. Among the fourteen extracts prepared, plate assays indicated that petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts of Allium sativum displayed substantial inhibition of M. tuberculosis growth. Phytochemical analysis indicated the absence of sulfur containing compounds but could be either fats and fixed oils or phenol and aryl amine derivatives. Conclusion: The studies, for the first time, reveal the presence of a non–thio metabolite in Allium sativum with potential antimycobacterial activity.

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