Synthesis of Low and Equal-Ripple Sidelobe Patterns in Time-Modulated Circular Antenna Arrays

In this paper, the time modulation technique is applied into circular antenna arrays with uniform amplitude excitations for the synthesis of ultra-low sidelobe and equal-ripple radiation patterns. The differential evolution (DE) algorithm is adopted to optimize the excitation phases and the switch-on time intervals of each element of the time-modulated circular array (TMCA). Several low-sidelobe patterns synthesized from TMCAs were compared to those of the conventional circular arrays. Numerical results show that the TMCA can be successfully used for the synthesis of low SLLs even if the amplitude excitations are uniform.

[1]  W. Kummer,et al.  Ultra-low sidelobes from time-modulated arrays , 1963 .

[2]  John Paul Wild.  A new method of image formation with annular apertures and an application in radio astronomy , 1965, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[3]  C. Stearns,et al.  An investigation of concentric ring antennas with low sidelobes , 1965 .

[4]  An iterative technique for reducing sidelobes of circular arrays , 1970 .

[5]  N. Goto,et al.  Sidelobe reduction of circular arrays with a constant excitation amplitude , 1977 .

[6]  Taylor-type amplitude distribution for circular arrays , 1979 .

[7]  Constantine A. Balanis,et al.  Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design , 1982 .

[8]  T. Vu.  Side-lobe control in circular ring array , 1993 .

[9]  Yilong Lu,et al.  Sidelobe reduction in array-pattern synthesis using genetic algorithm , 1997 .

[10]  Buon Kiong Lau,et al.  A Dolph-Chebyshev approach to the synthesis of array patterns for uniform circular arrays , 2000, 2000 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Emerging Technologies for the 21st Century. Proceedings (IEEE Cat No.00CH36353).

[11]  Shiwen Yang,et al.  Sideband suppression in time-modulated linear arrays by the differential evolution algorithm , 2002 .

[12]  Anyong Qing,et al.  Electromagnetic inverse scattering of multiple two-dimensional perfectly conducting objects by the differential evolution strategy , 2003 .

[13]  Shiwen Yang,et al.  Comparative Study of Low Sidelobe Time Modulated Linear Arrays with Different Time Schemes , 2004 .

[14]  Ares,et al.  Optimizing uniformly excited linear arrays through time modulation , 2004, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[15]  Shiwen Yang,et al.  Evaluation of directivity and gain for time‐modulated linear antenna arrays , 2004 .

[16]  Shiwen Yang.  Study of Low Sidelobe Time Modulated Linear Antenna Arrays at Millimeter-Waves , 2005 .

[17]  Shiwen Yang,et al.  Mutual coupling compensation in time modulated linear antenna arrays , 2005 .

[18]  Shiwen Yang,et al.  Linear antenna arrays with bidirectional phase center motion , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[19]  Shiwen Yang,et al.  Design of a uniform amplitude time modulated linear array with optimized time sequences , 2005 .

[20]  F. Ares,et al.  Application of time modulation in the synthesis of sum and difference patterns by using linear arrays , 2006 .

[21]  M. Dessouky,et al.  EFFICIENT SIDELOBE REDUCTION TECHNIQUE FOR SMALL-SIZED CONCENTRIC CIRCULAR ARRAYS , 2006 .

[22]  Shiwen Yang,et al.  Millimeter-wave Low Sidelobe Time Modulated Linear Arrays with Uniform Amplitude Excitations , 2007 .

[23]  R. Haupt,et al.  Optimized Element Spacing for Low Sidelobe Concentric Ring Arrays , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.