Some physiological correlates to regular and irregular phonation at the end of an utterance.

This article examines respiratory and acoustic events at the ends of utterances that coincide with the end of a breath. All utterances end with a vowel. Between the start of the final fall in signal amplitude and the end of phonation, the alveolar pressure falls by 1.2-2.6 cm H2O, on average, and glottal area increases by a factor of 4.0 (median). The mean glottal area at the end of phonation ranges from 9.6 to 13.5 mm2 across subjects. Physiological correlates are examined for utterances that end with regular and with irregular phonation. Irregular phonation is usually produced with brief intervals of adduction followed by longer intervals of abduction and/or with incomplete closure of the folds. This physiological correlate to irregular phonation is not consistent with descriptions of vocal fry or creaky voice in which the vocal folds are tightly adducted over most of the cycle. The rise in average glottal area and drop in alveolar pressure were similar for utterances that ended with regular phonation and those that ended with irregular phonation. These data suggest that a similar phonation-ending gesture underlies both groups of utterances. This gesture includes abduction of the vocal folds and a drop in alveolar pressure.

[1]  B. Hammarberg,et al.  Vocal Fold Physiology: Acoustic, Perceptual, and Physiological Aspects of Voice Mechanisms , 1991 .

[2]  Jody Kreiman,et al.  Toward a taxonomy of nonmodal phonation , 2001, J. Phonetics.

[3]  Janet Slifka,et al.  Respiratory constraints on speech production: starting an utterance. , 2003, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[4]  H. K. Schutte,et al.  A subharmonic vibratory pattern in normal vocal folds. , 1996, Journal of speech and hearing research.

[5]  L. Dolansky,et al.  On certain irregularities of voiced-speech waveforms , 1968 .

[6]  M. Ng,et al.  Acoustic, aerodynamic, physiologic, and perceptual properties of modal and vocal fry registers. , 1998, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[7]  Jody Kreiman,et al.  Perception of Sentence and Paragraph Bound-aries in Natural Conversation , 1982 .

[8]  L H KUNZE,et al.  EVALUATION OF METHODS OF ESTIMATING SUB-GLOTTAL AIR PRESSURE. , 1964, Journal of speech and hearing research.

[9]  J. Abbs,et al.  Vocal fold physiology : contemporary research and clinical issues , 1983 .

[10]  J S Perkell,et al.  A system for signal processing and data extraction from aerodynamic, acoustic, and electroglottographic signals in the study of voice production. , 1991, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[11]  M. Rothenberg.  A new inverse-filtering technique for deriving the glottal air flow waveform during voicing. , 1970, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[12]  Peter Ladefoged,et al.  Phonation types: a cross-linguistic overview , 2001, J. Phonetics.

[13]  P. Ladefoged.  Preliminaries to linguistic phonetics , 1967 .

[14]  I. Titze.  Phonation threshold pressure: a missing link in glottal aerodynamics. , 1991, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[15]  J. Laver,et al.  The handbook of phonetic sciences , 1999 .

[16]  Dale Evan Metz,et al.  Vibratory patterns of the vocal folds during pulse register phonation , 1983 .

[17]  D G Childers,et al.  Vocal quality factors: analysis, synthesis, and perception. , 1991, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[18]  W A Zin,et al.  A simple method for assessing the validity of the esophageal balloon technique. , 2015, The American review of respiratory disease.

[19]  H. Hollien,et al.  On the nature of vocal fry. , 1966, Journal of speech and hearing research.

[20]  平野 実,et al.  Vocal fold physiology : voice quality control , 1995 .

[21]  Janet Louise Khoenle Slifka.  Respiratory constraints on speech production at prosodic boundaries , 2000 .

[22]  J Gauffin,et al.  A comparison of subglottal and intraoral pressure measurements during phonation. , 1995, Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation.

[23]  J. Mead,et al.  Measurement of the separate volume changes of rib cage and abdomen during breathing. , 1967, Journal of applied physiology.

[24]  I R Titze,et al.  Irregular vocal-fold vibration--high-speed observation and modeling. , 2000, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[25]  J. Berg,et al.  Direct and indirect determination of the mean subglottic pressure; sound level, mean subglottic pressure, mean air flow, subglottic power and efficiency of a male voice for the vowel (a). , 1956, Folia phoniatrica.

[26]  P. Doornenbal,et al.  On the Air Resistance and the Bernoulli Effect of the Human Larynx , 1957 .

[27]  K. Stevens.  Physics of Laryngeal Behavior and Larynx Modes , 1977, Phonetica.

[28]  J. Laver.  The phonetic description of voice quality , 1980 .

[29]  J. Jiang,et al.  Modeling of chaotic vibrations in symmetric vocal folds. , 2001, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[30]  S. Hertegård,et al.  Glottal area and vibratory patterns studied with simultaneous stroboscopy, flow glottography, and electroglottography. , 1995, Journal of speech and hearing research.