Field adaptation in the horizontal cells. Rushtonian transformation.

In the presence of a steady ambient illuminance there occur two changes in the horizontal-cell incremental response; 1) The incremental sensitivity decreases which is WeberFechner like phenomena. 2) The response becomes faster . The response to a modulation around a mean is linear: This is a piecewise linearization. With the classical spot-annular experiment, a steady annulus of light increases the incremental sensitivity, makes the response faster, and linearizes the response. I propose to refer to the set of changes as the Rushtonian transformation which is an extension of Rushton's idea of field adaptation1).

[1]  A. Hodgkin,et al.  Changes in time scale and sensitivity in the ommatidia of Limulus , 1964, The Journal of physiology.

[2]  K I Naka,et al.  Adaptation in catfish retina. , 1979, Journal of neurophysiology.

[3]  K Naka,et al.  Spatiotemporal testing and modeling of catfish retinal neurons. , 1980, Biophysical journal.

[4]  L N Thibos,et al.  The properties of surround antagonism elicited by spinning windmill patterns in the mudpuppy retina. , 1978, The Journal of physiology.

[5]  William Albert Hugh Rushton,et al.  The Ferrier Lecture, 1962 Visual adaptation , 1965, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences.

[6]  A. L. Byzov,et al.  On the mechanisms of visual adaptation. , 1971, Vision Research.

[7]  K. Naka,et al.  S‐potentials from colour units in the retina of fish (Cyprinidae) , 1966, The Journal of physiology.

[8]  N. Wiener,et al.  Nonlinear Problems in Random Theory , 1964 .

[9]  K. Naka.  The horizontal cells. , 1972, Vision research.

[10]  Y. W. Lee,et al.  Measurement of the Wiener Kernels of a Non-linear System by Cross-correlation† , 1965 .

[11]  K I Naka,et al.  S‐potential and dark adaptation in fish , 1968, The Journal of physiology.

[12]  C. Enroth-Cugell,et al.  Chapter 9 Visual adaptation and retinal gain controls , 1984 .

[13]  K. Naka,et al.  Nonlinear analysis and synthesis of receptive-field responses in the catfish retina. 3. Two-input white-noise analysis. , 1973, Journal of neurophysiology.

[14]  W. Rushton.  Rhodopsin measurement and dark‐adaptation in a subject deficient in cone vision , 1961, The Journal of physiology.

[15]  K Naka,et al.  Dynamics of turtle horizontal cell response , 1985, The Journal of general physiology.

[16]  J. Dowling,et al.  Chemistry of Visual Adaptation in the Rat , 1960, Nature.

[17]  K Naka,et al.  Signal transmission in the catfish retina. I. Transmission in the outer retina. , 1985, Journal of neurophysiology.

[18]  F. Werblin,et al.  Control of Retinal Sensitivity: I. Light and Dark Adaptation of Vertebrate Rods and Cones , 1974 .

[19]  Masanori Sakuranaga,et al.  Visual sensitivity and wiener kernels , 1985, Vision Research.