Estrutura do pericarpo e da semente de Astronium graveolens Jacq. (Anacardiaceae) com notas taxonômicas

Astronium graveolens is a treelike member of the family Anacardiaceae, spreading from Mexico to the south center of South America. The fruit is a pseudosamara with a uniseriate exocarp adherent to the endocarp. The mesocarp is parenchymatic and presents large secretory ducts associated with vascular bundle and arranged side by side, near to the endocarp. The parenchymatic endocarp is biserial, and the layer enveloping the locule is slightly radially elongated. The ovule anatropous, unitegmic, and crassinucellate and has an evident dorsal raphe and a tanniniferous hypostase. It presents an apical-lateral insertion in the ovary and shows a placentary obturator. The testa which strongly adheres to the pericarp shows the cells of the inner epidermis with dense cytoplasm, indicative of an endotestal condition. The mature seed coat is formed from the remaining of the testa, funicle, raphe-chalaza region and hypostase, presenting two distinct regions: one is dark brown patch pachychalazal and other pale brown tegumentary. The embryo is axial investing.

[1]  M. P. Morim,et al.  Frutos e sementes: Morfologia aplicada à sistemáticade dicotiledôneas@@@Frutos e sementes: Morfologia aplicada a sistematicade dicotiledoneas , 1999 .

[2]  I. V. Teichman.  Development and structure of the seed of Ozoroa paniculosa (Anacardiaceae) and taxonomic notes , 1993 .

[3]  Prof. Dr. Brij M. Johri,et al.  Comparative Embryology of Angiosperms , 1992, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

[4]  C. Quinn,et al.  Floral structure and evolution in the Anacardiaceae , 1991 .

[5]  I. V. Teichman.  Ontogeny of the seed-coat of Rhus lancea L. fil., and pachychalazy in the Anacardiaceae , 1991 .

[6]  A. Bell,et al.  Plant Form: An Illustrated Guide to Flowering Plant Morphology , 1991 .

[7]  A. E. Wyk,et al.  Taxonomic position of Rhus problematodes (Anacardiaceae): Evidence from fruit and seed structure , 1991 .

[8]  I. V. Teichman.  Pericarp and seed coat structure in Tapirira guianensis (Spondiadeae: Anacardiaceae). , 1990 .

[9]  C. Quinn,et al.  Pericarp structure and generic affinities in the Anacardiaceae , 1990 .

[10]  P. J. Robbertse,et al.  The structure of the seed of Mangifera indica L. and notes on seed characters of the tribe Mangifereae (Anacardiaceae) , 1988 .

[11]  A. E. Wyk,et al.  The ontogeny and structure of the pericarp and seed-coat of Harpephyllum caffrum Bernh. ex Krauss (Anacardiaceae) , 1988 .

[12]  I. V. Teichman.  Notes on the ontogeny and structure of the seed-coat of Sclerocarya birrea (Richard) Hochst. subsp. caffra (Sonder) Kokwaro (Anacardiaceae) , 1988 .

[13]  I. V. Teichman.  Development and structure of the pericarp of Lannea discolor (Sonder) Engl. (Anacardiaceae) , 1987 .

[14]  E. Corner,et al.  The Seeds of the Dicotyledons , 1976 .

[15]  R. Cowan,et al.  Vascular Plant Systematics , 1974 .

[16]  P. Raven,et al.  Biology of plants , 1971 .

[17]  C. Rizzini.  Arvores e madeiras úteis do Brasil : manual de dendrologia brasileira , 1971 .

[18]  F. Barkley.  Anacardiaceae: Rhoideae: Astronium , 1968 .

[19]  H. F. Copeland.  THE REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURES OF SCHINUS MOLLE (ANACARDIACEAE) , 1959 .

[20]  H. F. Copeland.  The reproductive structures of Pistacia chinensis , 1955 .

[21]  R. C. Mclean,et al.  Textbook of theoretical botany , 1951 .

[22]  F. Barkley.  A Key to the Genera of the Anacardiaceae , 1942 .

[23]  H. F. Copeland,et al.  SOME FEATURES OF THE STRUCTURE OF TOXICODENDRON DIVERSILOBA , 1940 .