Video-on-Demand Systems With Cooperative Clients in Multicast Environment

Peer-to-peer (P2P) and multicast approaches are two common transmission strategies to provide scalable and cost efficient solutions for video-on-demand (VoD) services. The former approach requires small server resources and provides a negligible delay to users, but the bandwidth requirement inside the network will be rapidly increased when more customers join the video session. On the other hand, if the system simply uses a multicast scheme to deliver a video, customers will experience a noticeable delay before watching the video whereas the overall bandwidth requirement will not be significantly increased. In this paper, a new transmission policy denoted peer-to-peer batching (PPB) policy is proposed to efficiently deliver video data in a large scale VoD system by exploiting the multicast capability of the network and P2P paradigm. To avoid the disruption of services, the fault tolerance and recovery mechanism is also developed for PPB. In addition, in order to further improve the scalability of the system, a distributed PPB (DPPP) is also proposed. We then develop a mathematical model to evaluate the performance of each of our proposed policies analytically. Based on this model, system designers are able to study various design options as well as perform system dimensioning. Both analytical and simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves better system performance compared with existing schemes.

[1]  Kien A. Hua,et al.  Video delivery technologies for large-scale deployment of multimedia applications , 2004, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[2]  Hui Zhang,et al.  Internet Multicast Video Delivery , 2005, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[3]  Asit Dan,et al.  Scheduling policies for an on-demand video server with batching , 1994, MULTIMEDIA '94.

[4]  Li-Ming Tseng,et al.  Harmonic broadcasting for video-on-demand service , 1997, IEEE Trans. Broadcast..

[5]  M. Vangel.  System Reliability Theory: Models and Statistical Methods , 1996 .

[6]  Donald F. Towsley,et al.  P2Cast: peer-to-peer patching scheme for VoD service , 2003, WWW '03.

[7]  George Kingsley Zipf,et al.  Human behavior and the principle of least effort , 1949 .

[8]  David J. Sherwin,et al.  System Reliability Theory—Models and Statistical Methods , 1995 .

[9]  Donald F. Towsley,et al.  A peer-to-peer on-demand streaming service and its performance evaluation , 2003, 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo. ICME '03. Proceedings (Cat. No.03TH8698).

[10]  Bharat K. Bhargava,et al.  On peer-to-peer media streaming , 2002, Proceedings 22nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems.

[11]  David Hung-Chang Du,et al.  Loopback: exploiting collaborative caches for large-scale streaming , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.

[12]  Tomasz Imielinski,et al.  Metropolitan area video-on-demand service using pyramid broadcasting , 1996, Multimedia Systems.

[13]  Mark Coates,et al.  Video-on-Demand Networks: Design Approaches and Future Challenges , 2007, IEEE Network.

[14]  Bo Li,et al.  CoolStreaming/DONet: a data-driven overlay network for peer-to-peer live media streaming , 2005, Proceedings IEEE 24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies..

[15]  Kwok-Tung Lo,et al.  Design of a Decentralized Video-on-Demand System with Cooperative Clients in Multicast Environment , 2007, PCM.

[16]  Donald F. Towsley,et al.  Supplying instantaneous video-on-demand services using controlled multicast , 1999, Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems.

[17]  Ying Cai,et al.  Optimizing patching performance , 1998, Electronic Imaging.

[18]  Bharat K. Bhargava,et al.  PROMISE: peer-to-peer media streaming using CollectCast , 2003, MULTIMEDIA '03.

[19]  Chi Hun Lee,et al.  A Peer to Peer Prefix Patching Scheme for VOD Servers , 2006, Third International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations (ITNG'06).

[20]  Yuzhuo Zhong,et al.  Streaming media over peers in a multi-path way , 2003, International Conference on Communication Technology Proceedings, 2003. ICCT 2003..

[21]  Donald F. Towsley,et al.  Optimal proxy cache allocation for efficient streaming media distribution , 2004, IEEE Trans. Multim..

[22]  K. Arvind,et al.  Probabilistic Clock Synchronization in Distributed Systems , 1994, IEEE Trans. Parallel Distributed Syst..

[23]  Siddhartha Annapureddy,et al.  P2PCast: A Peer-to-Peer Multicast Scheme for Streaming Data , 2003 .

[24]  Kien A. Hua,et al.  A peer-to-peer architecture for media streaming , 2004, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[25]  Donald F. Towsley,et al.  Channel Allocation under Batching and VCR Control in Video-on-Demand Systems , 1995, J. Parallel Distributed Comput..

[26]  Avideh Zakhor,et al.  Multiple sender distributed video streaming , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.

[27]  Fernando Cores,et al.  Distributed P2P merging policy to decentralize the multicasting delivery , 2005 .

[28]  Reza Rejaie,et al.  Adaptive receiver-driven streaming from multiple senders , 2006, Multimedia Systems.

[29]  Kien A. Hua,et al.  Chaining: a generalized batching technique for video-on-demand systems , 1997, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems.