The anatomical basis of pulmonary vein reconnection after ablation for atrial fibrillation: wounds that never felt a scar?

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common cardiac arrhythmia, is a major cause of strokes, hospitalizations, and mortality in the United States. The toll of AF is expected to worsen in coming decades as the number of elderly Americans increases ([1][1]). This harsh demographic reality has provided

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