An Energy-Aware Distributed Unequal Clustering Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Due to the imbalance of energy consumption of nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), some local nodes die prematurely, which causes the network partitions and then shortens the lifetime of the network. The phenomenon is called “hot spot” or “energy hole” problem. For this problem, an energy-aware distributed unequal clustering protocol (EADUC) in multihop heterogeneous WSNs is proposed. Compared with the previous protocols, the cluster heads obtained by EADUC can achieve balanced energy, good distribution, and seamless coverage for all the nodes. Moreover, the complexity of time and control message is low. Simulation experiments show that EADUC can prolong the lifetime of the network significantly.

[1]  Ossama Younis,et al.  HEED: a hybrid, energy-efficient, distributed clustering approach for ad hoc sensor networks , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing.

[2]  Li Yan-zhong.  Algorithm of cluster head multi-hops based on LEACH , 2007 .

[3]  Jie Wu,et al.  An energy-efficient unequal clustering mechanism for wireless sensor networks , 2005, IEEE International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems Conference, 2005..

[4]  Sajal K. Das,et al.  On the Energy Hole Problem of Nonuniform Node Distribution in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Conference on Mobile Ad Hoc and Sensor Systems.

[5]  Wendi B. Heinzelman,et al.  Prolonging the lifetime of wireless sensor networks via unequal clustering , 2005, 19th IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium.

[6]  Wu Min,et al.  BPEC:An Energy-Aware Distributed Clustering Algorithm in WSNs , 2009 .

[7]  Hai Jin,et al.  A Survey on Overcoming Free Riding in Peer-to-Peer Networks: A Survey on Overcoming Free Riding in Peer-to-Peer Networks , 2009 .

[8]  Gao Jing-ju.  Hierarchical Clustering Routing Scheme Based on LEACH in Wireless Sensor Network , 2009 .

[9]  Wendi Heinzelman,et al.  Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks , 2000, Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.

[10]  Sankalpa Gamwarige,et al.  An Algorithm for Energy Driven Cluster Head Rotation in a Distributed Wireless Sensor Network , 2005 .

[11]  R. B. Patel,et al.  EEHC: Energy efficient heterogeneous clustered scheme for wireless sensor networks , 2009, Comput. Commun..

[12]  Anantha P. Chandrakasan,et al.  An application-specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks , 2002, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun..

[13]  Chen Gui-Hai,et al.  EADEEG:An Energy-Aware Data Gathering Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks , 2007 .

[14]  Cai Yuanli.  An energy-efficient distributed clustering algorithm for wireless sensor networks , 2009 .