Uveitis in the Aging Eye: Incidence, Patterns, and Differential Diagnosis

Uveitis is a vision threatening inflammation of the eye that carries considerable morbidity. It is responsible for 10% of legal blindness in the United States and up to 25% in the developing world. Uveitis in patients more than 60 years of age is less common. The aging body has a changing response of the immune system, which might reflect a different pattern of uveitis in the elderly population. In this paper we review the incidence and patterns of uveitis in the elderly as reported in the literature and discuss changes with time. We also delineate a thorough differential diagnosis of de novo uveitis in the elderly.

[1]  Rafic Antonios,et al.  Etiology and Clinical Features of Ocular Inflammatory Diseases in a Tertiary Center in Lebanon , 2015, Ocular immunology and inflammation.

[2]  H. Ghanbari,et al.  Clinical Patterns of Uveitis in an Iranian Tertiary Eye-care Center , 2015, Ocular immunology and inflammation.

[3]  A. Rothova,et al.  DIAGNOSTIC PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY AND AQUEOUS ANALYSES IN PATIENTS WITH UVEITIS OF UNKNOWN CAUSE , 2014, Retina.

[4]  J. Barnholtz-Sloan,et al.  CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2007-2011. , 2012, Neuro-oncology.

[5]  P. Chou,et al.  Epidemiology of uveitis among the Chinese population in Taiwan: a population-based study. , 2012, Ophthalmology.

[6]  Justine R. Smith,et al.  Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: a report from an International Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Collaborative Group symposium. , 2011, The oncologist.

[7]  H. Al‐Mezaine,et al.  Patterns of Uveitis in Patients Admitted to a University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia , 2010, Ocular immunology and inflammation.

[8]  P. Bongrand,et al.  [Immunosenescence and infections, myth or reality?]. , 2010, Medecine et maladies infectieuses.

[9]  L. Cimino,et al.  The causes of uveitis in a referral centre of Northern Italy , 2010, International Ophthalmology.

[10]  A. Okada,et al.  Frequency and clinical features of intraocular inflammation in Tokyo , 2009, Clinical & experimental ophthalmology.

[11]  J. Anaya,et al.  Clinical patterns of uveitis in two ophthalmology centres in Bogota, Colombia , 2009, Clinical & experimental ophthalmology.

[12]  S. Ohno,et al.  Clinical features of intraocular inflammation in Hokkaido, Japan , 2009, Acta ophthalmologica.

[13]  H. Bhattacharjee,et al.  Pattern of uveitis in North East India: A tertiary eye care center study , 2009, Indian journal of ophthalmology.

[14]  I. Hamade,et al.  Causes of Uveitis at a Referral Center in Saudi Arabia , 2009, Ocular immunology and inflammation.

[15]  H. Lorenz,et al.  Uveitis Subtypes in a German Interdisciplinary Uveitis Center—Analysis of 1916 Patients , 2009, The Journal of Rheumatology.

[16]  R. Margolis Diagnostic vitrectomy for the diagnosis and management of posterior uveitis of unknown etiology , 2008, Current opinion in ophthalmology.

[17]  A. Rothova,et al.  Uveitis in a tertiary ophthalmology centre in Thailand , 2008, British Journal of Ophthalmology.

[18]  R. Nussenblatt,et al.  International Uveitis Study Group (IUSG) Clinical Classification of Uveitis , 2008, Ocular immunology and inflammation.

[19]  Y. Akova,et al.  Demographic and Clinical Features of Uveitis in Tertiary Centers in Turkey , 2008, Ophthalmic epidemiology.

[20]  Rishi P. Singh,et al.  Vitrectomy for the diagnosis and management of uveitis of unknown cause. , 2007, Ophthalmology.

[21]  P. Ruiz,et al.  Diagnostic testing of vitrectomy specimens. , 2005, American journal of ophthalmology.

[22]  Y. Hayasaka,et al.  Uveitis and Pseudouveitis Presenting for the First Time in Japanese Elderly Patients , 2005, Ophthalmologica.

[23]  Paul P. Lee,et al.  Uveitis in the elderly: epidemiological data from the National Long-term Care Survey Medicare Cohort. , 2005, Ophthalmology.

[24]  A. Kijlstra,et al.  Clinical Patterns and Characteristics of Uveitis in a Tertiary Center for Uveitis in China , 2005, Current eye research.

[25]  A. Karakurt,et al.  ORIGINAL ARTICLE Causes of Uveitis in a Referral Hospital in Ankara, Turkey , 2005, Ocular immunology and inflammation.

[26]  D. Gritz,et al.  Incidence and prevalence of uveitis in Northern California; the Northern California Epidemiology of Uveitis Study. , 2004, Ophthalmology.

[27]  H. Ahmadieh,et al.  Patterns of uveitis in a tertiary eye care center in Iran , 2004, Ocular immunology and inflammation.

[28]  H. Stein,et al.  Evaluation of vitrectomy specimens and chorioretinal biopsies in the diagnosis of primary intraocular lymphoma in patients with Masquerade syndrome , 2003, Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology.

[29]  H. Offret,et al.  [Characteristics of uveitis presenting de novo in the elderly]. , 2003, Journal francais d'ophtalmologie.

[30]  H. Kaplan,et al.  Uveitis referral pattern in a Midwest University Eye Center , 2003, Ocular immunology and inflammation.

[31]  A. Okada,et al.  Changing patterns of intraocular inflammatory disease in Japan , 2003, Ocular immunology and inflammation.

[32]  Karl-Heinz Krause,et al.  Ageing and infection. , 2002, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

[33]  T. Cox,et al.  Diagnostic yield of vitrectomy in eyes with suspected posterior segment infection or malignancy. , 2002, Ophthalmology.

[34]  K. Tabbara,et al.  Causes of uveitis at The Eye Center in Saudi Arabia: A retrospective review , 2002, Ophthalmic epidemiology.

[35]  L. Tomazzoli,et al.  Epidemiology of endogenous uveitis in north-eastern Italy. Analysis of 655 new cases. , 2001, Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica.

[36]  C. Mvogo,et al.  Les uvéites: aspects épidémiologiques à l’hôpital Laquintinie de Douala , 2000, Ophthalmologica.

[37]  M. Mouillon,et al.  Les uvéites après 60 ans , 2000 .

[38]  S. Castle,et al.  Clinical relevance of age-related immune dysfunction. , 2000, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[39]  L. Dandona,et al.  Population based assessment of uveitis in an urban population in southern India , 2000, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[40]  C. Foster,et al.  Characteristics of uveitis presenting for the first time in the elderly. , 1998, Ophthalmology.

[41]  S. Lightman,et al.  Uveitis in the elderly—is it easy to identify the masquerade? , 1997, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[42]  J. Thompson,et al.  A uveitis register at the Leicester Royal Infirmary. , 1996, Ophthalmic epidemiology.

[43]  A. Rothova,et al.  Aetiology of uveitis in Sierra Leone, west Africa. , 1996, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[44]  S. Kotake,et al.  Characteristics of endogenous uveitis in Hokkaido, Japan , 1996, Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology.

[45]  A Rothova,et al.  The possible impact of uveitis in blindness: a literature survey. , 1996, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[46]  H. Verbraeken,et al.  Diagnostic vitrectomy and chronic uveitis , 1996, Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology.

[47]  J. Tuominen,et al.  Uveitis survey at the University Eye Clinic in Turku , 1994, Acta ophthalmologica.

[48]  H. Priem,et al.  Diagnostic problems in chronic vitreous inflammation , 1993, Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology.

[49]  A. Rothova,et al.  Uveitis and systemic disease. , 1992, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[50]  R. Nussenblatt The natural history of uveitis , 1990, International Ophthalmology.

[51]  D. Wakefield,et al.  Uveitis: aetiology and disease associations in an Australian population. , 1986, Australian and New Zealand journal of ophthalmology.

[52]  J. O. Ayanru The problem of uveitis in Bendel State of Nigeria: experience in Benin City. , 1977, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[53]  H. Alanko,et al.  Uveitis: report of a 10-year survey in Northern Finland. , 1975, Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie.

[54]  L. Kurland,et al.  Epidemiology of uveitis. Incidence and prevalence in a small urban community. , 1962, Archives of ophthalmology.

[55]  L. Wittenberg,et al.  Vitreoretinal lymphoma: a 20-year review of incidence, clinical and cytologic features, treatment, and outcomes. , 2013, JAMA ophthalmology.

[56]  W. Marsden I and J , 2012 .

[57]  M. Khairallah,et al.  Pattern of uveitis in a referral centre in Tunisia, North Africa , 2007, Eye.

[58]  A. Rothova,et al.  Diagnostic testing of vitrectomy specimens. , 2006, American journal of ophthalmology.

[59]  D. Wakefield,et al.  Epidemiology of Uveitis , 2005, International ophthalmology clinics.

[60]  S. Sheu,et al.  Endogenous uveitis: experiences in Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital. , 2003, Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA.

[61]  A. Bella-Hiag,et al.  [Uveitis: epidemiological aspects at the Hospital Laquintinie de Douala]. , 2001, Ophthalmologica. Journal international d'ophtalmologie. International journal of ophthalmology. Zeitschrift fur Augenheilkunde.

[62]  J. Romanet,et al.  [Uveitis after the age of 60]. , 2000, La Revue de medecine interne.

[63]  M. Accorinti,et al.  Endogenous uveitis: an analysis of 1,417 cases. , 1996, Ophthalmologica. Journal international d'ophtalmologie. International journal of ophthalmology. Zeitschrift fur Augenheilkunde.

[64]  G. Baarsma,et al.  Epidemiology of uveitis. , 1995, Current opinion in ophthalmology.

[65]  R. Ritch,et al.  Diagnostic pars plana vitrectomy report of a 21-year retrospective study. , 1995, Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society.

[66]  K. Barton,et al.  Uveitis presenting de novo in the elderly , 1994, Eye.

[67]  Y. Guex-Crosier,et al.  Epidemiology of uveitis in Switzerland. , 1994, Ocular immunology and inflammation.

[68]  J. Castro-Correia,et al.  Uveitis in northern Portugal. , 1990, Current eye research.

[69]  H. Westphal,et al.  Synthesis of α-crystallin by a cell line derived from the lens of a transgenic animal , 1990 .

[70]  J. Phair,et al.  Ageing and infection. , 1988, Ciba Foundation symposium.