An algebraic decision diagram (ADD) based technique to find leakage histograms of combinational designs

In this paper, we present an algebraic decision diagram (ADD) based approach to determine and implicitly represent the leakage value for all input vectors of a combinational circuit. In its exact form, our technique can compute the leakage value of each input vector. To broaden the applicability of our technique, we present an approximate version of our algorithm as well. The approximation is done by limiting the total number of discriminant nodes in any ADD. Previous sleep vector computation techniques can find either the maximum or minimum sleep vector. Our technique computes the leakages for all vectors, storing them implicitly in an ADD structure. We experimentally demonstrate that these approximate techniques produce results which have reasonable errors. We also show that limiting the number of discriminants to a value between 12 and 16 is practical, allowing for good accuracy and lowered memory utilization.

[1]  P. R. Stephan,et al.  SIS : A System for Sequential Circuit Synthesis , 1992 .

[2]  Enrico Macii,et al.  Algebric Decision Diagrams and Their Applications , 1997, ICCAD '93.

[3]  Mark C. Johnson,et al.  Estimation of standby leakage power in CMOS circuits considering accurate modeling of transistor stacks , 1998, ISLPED '98.

[4]  Zhanping Chen,et al.  Estimation of standby leakage power in CMOS circuit considering accurate modeling of transistor stacks , 1998, Proceedings. 1998 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design (IEEE Cat. No.98TH8379).

[5]  Feng Gao,et al.  Exact and heuristic approaches to input vector control for leakage power reduction , 2004, ICCAD 2004.

[6]  R. I. Bahar,et al.  Algebraic decision diagrams and their applications , 1993, Proceedings of 1993 International Conference on Computer Aided Design (ICCAD).

[7]  Joel Grodstein,et al.  Symbolic failure analysis of custom circuits due to excessive leakage current , 2003, Proceedings 21st International Conference on Computer Design.

[8]  John P. Hayes,et al.  Exact and heuristic approaches to input vector control for leakage power reduction , 2004, IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer Aided Design, 2004. ICCAD-2004..

[9]  Masahiro Fujita,et al.  Spectral Transforms for Large Boolean Functions with Applications to Technology Mapping , 1997, Formal Methods Syst. Des..

[10]  R. Rao,et al.  A Heuristic to Determine Low Leakage Sleep State Vectors for CMOS Combinational Circuits , 2003, ICCAD 2003.

[11]  Mark C. Johnson,et al.  Models and algorithms for bounds on leakage in CMOS circuits , 1999, IEEE Trans. Comput. Aided Des. Integr. Circuits Syst..