Building Connections among Loosely Coupled Groups: Hebb’s Rule at Work

Awareness of others’ interests can lead to fruitful collaborations, friendships and positive social change. Interviews of groups involved in both research and corporate work revealed a lack of awareness of shared interests among workers sharing an organizational affiliation and collocated in the same building or complex but still physically separated (e.g., by walls or floors). Our study showed that loosely coupled groups were less likely to discover shared interests in the way that many tightly collocated groups do, such as by overhearing conversations or noticing paraphernalia. Based on these findings we iteratively developed a system to capture and display shared interests. Our platform includes an e-mail sensor to discover personal interests, a search algorithm to determine shared interests, a public peripheral display and lightweight location-tracking system to convey those interests. We deployed the system to two groups for two months and found that the system did lead to increased awareness of shared interests.

[1]  Antonietta Grasso,et al.  Diffusing information in organizational settings: learning from experience , 2002, CHI.

[2]  M OlsonGary,et al.  Groupwork close up , 1993 .

[3]  Saul Greenberg,et al.  The notification collage: posting information to public and personal displays , 2001, CHI.

[4]  Owen Daly-Jones,et al.  Informal workplace communication: what is it like and how might we support it? , 1994, CHI '94.

[5]  Joseph F. McCarthy,et al.  UniCast, OutCast & GroupCast: Three Steps Toward Ubiquitous, Peripheral Displays , 2001, UbiComp.

[6]  Robert E. Kraut,et al.  Visual Information as a Conversational Resource in Collaborative Physical Tasks , 2003, Hum. Comput. Interact..

[7]  Joe Tullio,et al.  Promoting awareness of work activities through peripheral displays , 2002, CHI Extended Abstracts.

[8]  Michael E. Papka,et al.  The web page , 2000 .

[9]  Judith S. Olson,et al.  Groupwork close up: a comparison of the group design process with and without a simple group editor , 1993, TOIS.

[10]  Austin Henderson,et al.  Your place or mine? Learning from long-term use of Audio-Video communication , 1996, Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW).

[11]  Warren Sack,et al.  Conversation map: a content-based Usenet newsgroup browser , 2000, IUI '00.

[12]  David Harlan Wood,et al.  Discovering Shared Interests Among People Using Graph Analysis , 1993 .

[13]  Caroline Haythornthwaite,et al.  Studying Online Social Networks , 2006, J. Comput. Mediat. Commun..

[14]  Saul Greenberg,et al.  Peepholes: low cost awareness of one's community , 1996, CHI Conference Companion.

[15]  Peter Bruza,et al.  Discovery of Implicit and Explicit Connections Between People Using Email Utterance , 2003, ECSCW.

[16]  Oscar de Bruijn,et al.  Serendipity within a Ubiquitous Computing Environment: A Case for Opportunistic Browsing , 2001, UbiComp.

[17]  Bernardo A. Huberman,et al.  Email as spectroscopy: automated discovery of community structure within organizations , 2003 .

[18]  B. Wellman,et al.  Studying On-Line Social Networks , 1999 .

[19]  Victoria Bellotti,et al.  Walking away from the desktop computer: distributed collaboration and mobility in a product design team , 1996, CSCW '96.

[20]  F. Attneave,et al.  The Organization of Behavior: A Neuropsychological Theory , 1949 .

[21]  S. Yantis Stimulus-Driven Attentional Capture , 1993 .

[22]  W. Buxton Human-Computer Interaction , 1988, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

[23]  Siobhan Chapman Logic and Conversation , 2005 .

[24]  Michael F. Schwartz,et al.  Discovering shared interests using graph analysis , 1993, CACM.

[25]  Jeff A. Johnson,et al.  Integrating communication and information through ContactMap , 2002, CACM.

[26]  Judith S. Olson,et al.  Small Group Design Meetings: An Analysis of Collaboration , 1992, Hum. Comput. Interact..

[27]  Judith S. Olson,et al.  What mix of video and audio is useful for small groups doing remote real-time design work? , 1995, CHI '95.

[28]  野中 郁次郎,et al.  The Knowledge-Creating Company: How , 1995 .

[29]  Judith S. Olson,et al.  Distance Matters , 2000, Hum. Comput. Interact..

[30]  Paul Dourish,et al.  Portholes: supporting awareness in a distributed work group , 1992, CHI.

[31]  Gerard Salton,et al.  Automatic Text Processing: The Transformation, Analysis, and Retrieval of Information by Computer , 1989 .

[32]  Andrew F. Monk,et al.  Common Ground in Electronically Mediated Communication: Clark's Theory of Language Use , 2003 .