Ultra-wideband optical amplification with 3 dB bandwidth of 65 nm using a gain-equalised two-stage erbium-doped fibre amplifier and Raman amplification

A 3 dB gain-reduction bandwidth up to 65 nm (1549-1614 nm) is achieved using a two-stage erbium-doped fibre amplifier, together with an intermediate equaliser and Raman amplification in the transmission fibre.