Design Optimisation for an Efficient Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicles

Abstract Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) has been used to transfer small amounts of power over small distances to run smartphones, RFID tags, smart watches and even biomedical implants without any electrical contact. A popular application for this is the wireless charging of electric and hybrid electric vehicles. However, designing systems to send large amounts power over large distances while maintaining appreciable efficiency is hard to do. In this paper, an overview of a typical WPT system has been given. Simple design equations have been given to calculate inductance, capacitance, power, quality factor and coupling coefficient to optimise coil design for electric vehicle application. Further, a comparison has been made between the popular coil shapes and the effects of the change of coil parameters like number of turns, pitch and inner and outer radius on efficiency of the coil has been studied.

[1]  Grant Covic,et al.  Development of a Single-Sided Flux Magnetic Coupler for Electric Vehicle IPT Charging Systems , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[2]  Grant A. Covic,et al.  Evaluation of Magnetic Pad Sizes and Topologies for Electric Vehicle Charging , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[3]  Grant A. Covic,et al.  The design of a contact-less energy transfer system for a people mover system , 2000, PowerCon 2000. 2000 International Conference on Power System Technology. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX409).

[4]  Steven E Shladover,et al.  Highway Electrification And Automation , 1992 .

[5]  J. Huh,et al.  Narrow-Width Inductive Power Transfer System for Online Electrical Vehicles , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[6]  H. Takanashi,et al.  A large air gap 3 kW wireless power transfer system for electric vehicles , 2012, 2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE).

[7]  Christian Reinhold,et al.  Efficient Antenna Design of Inductive Coupled RFID-Systems with High Power Demand , 2007, J. Commun..

[8]  John C Schuder,et al.  Powering an artificial heart: birth of the inductively coupled-radio frequency system in 1960. , 2002, Artificial organs.

[9]  Eberhard Waffenschmidt,et al.  Limitation of inductive power transfer for consumer applications , 2009, 2009 13th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications.

[10]  Aiguo Patrick Hu,et al.  Optimal coupling condition of IPT system for achieving maximum power transfer , 2009 .

[11]  S. Y. Ron Hui,et al.  Two- and Three-Dimensional Omnidirectional Wireless Power Transfer , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[12]  H. E. Stephenson,et al.  An inductively coupled RF system for the transmission of 1 kW of power through the skin. , 1971, IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering.

[13]  Fang Zheng Peng,et al.  Z-source resonant converter with power factor correction for wireless power transfer applications , 2016, 2016 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE).

[14]  Klaus Finkenzeller,et al.  Book Reviews: RFID Handbook: Fundamentals and Applications in Contactless Smart Cards and Identification, 2nd ed. , 2004, ACM Queue.

[15]  Byunghun Lee,et al.  Characterization of novel Inductive Power Transfer Systems for On-Line Electric Vehicles , 2011, 2011 Twenty-Sixth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC).

[16]  K. Jokela,et al.  ICNIRP Guidelines GUIDELINES FOR LIMITING EXPOSURE TO TIME-VARYING , 1998 .