Root Cause Analysis, Six Sigma, and Overall Quality Control and Lean Concepts: The First Process to Bring Quality and Cost-Effectiveness to Medical Care Delivery

In 1996, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) launched a program to improve the quality of health in the nation. This focus led to the incorporation of the Six Sigma predictive analytical process developed in other industries. The combination of Six Sigma processing and Deming’s emphasis on continuous quality improvement led to the development of the fishbone process model. The core element of the fishbone model is root cause analysis. This chapter presents a rich landscape of quality control issues in health care, with a focus on root cause analysis in hospitals.

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