Double Effect, Triple Effect and the Trolley Problem: Squaring the Circle in Looping Cases
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In the Trolley Case (Figure 1), as devised by Philippa Foot and modified by Judith Jarvis Thomson, a runaway trolley (i.e. tram) is headed down a main track and will hit and kill five unless you divert it onto a side track, where it will hit and kill one.
[1] J. Thomson. The Trolley Problem , 1985 .
[2] ANOTHER TRIP ON THE TROLLEY , 1987 .
[3] Warren S. Quinn. Actions, intentions, and consequences: the doctrine of double effect. , 1989, Philosophy & public affairs.
[4] Michael J. Costa. THE TROLLEY PROBLEM REVISITED , 1986 .
[5] P. Foot. The Problem of Abortion and the Doctrine of the Double Effect , 2020, The Doctrine of Double Effect.