Study on the present situation and prevention measures of water pollution in a drainage basin in Eastern Guangdong

The routine water quality monitoring data from 2010 to 2015 were collected, and 24 routine water quality monitoring items were analyzed by single factor standard index method. The results show that the proportion of inferior V-type monitoring sections in the basin has reached 77.78%, which is generally severe pollution, and the main pollution factors are chemical oxygen demand, NH 4+ –N and total phosphorus. After investigation, it was found that the basin was affected by some heavy pollution tributaries, and the upstream to downstream of the main stream showed a trend of gradual pollution, especially when flowing through densely populated urban areas. Through the mon- itoring of various indicators, according to its concentration, change law and on-site analysis, the main reasons for the occurrence of black and odor in the basin are lagging construction of sewage pipe networks and sewage treatment plants, many heavily polluting enterprises, direct discharge of domestic sewage, random disposal of garbage, and low bottom mud release and management ability. Aiming at the current situation and causes of the black and odorous water bodies in this basin, combined with the research of other scholars, this paper compared the removal effects of various methods on pollutants. Aeration and magnetic flocculation technology can be adopted as emergency treatment measures in the river basin, and the treatment effect of each pollution factor is estimated to reach 80%. At the same time, in the long-term improvement stage of water quality, corresponding rectification measures are proposed, and the comprehensive water environ- ment improvement project system is scientifically planned. The environmental quality is condu-cive to the sustainable development of urban economy and society, which is of great significance for promoting the coordinated development of economy, society and environmental protection in Eastern Guangdong.