Are more resources always better for growth? Resource stickiness in market and product expansion

We examine how managerial growth logics combine with financial and human resource slack to influence the short-term revenue growth of a sample of 112 manufacturing firms drawn from a unique database provided by the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation. Our results provide evidence that firms pursuing product expansion logics generally grow more slowly than firms that are not expanding their product base, but that financial slack positively moderates this relationship. We also find that human resource slack enhances short-term market expansion, but slows down short-term product expansion. We discuss the implications of these results for resource-based views of growth.(Publication abstract)

[1]  Daniela P Blettner,et al.  Sticky Knowledge. Barriers to Knowing in the Firm , 2003 .

[2]  Joseph F. Porac,et al.  Entrepreneurial Narratives and the Dominant Logics of High-Growth Firms , 2002 .

[3]  Dan R. Dalton,et al.  Wealth and the effects of founder management among IPO‐stage new ventures , 2001 .

[4]  Andrew D. Henderson,et al.  Top Management Team Coordination Needs and the CEO Pay Gap: A Competitive Test of Economic and Behavioral Views , 2001 .

[5]  P. P. McDougall,et al.  An examination of the impact of initial founding conditions and decisions upon the performance of new bank start-ups , 2000 .

[6]  Thomas H. Brush,et al.  The free cash flow hypothesis for sales growth and firm performance , 2000 .

[7]  Henry L. Tosi,et al.  How Much Does Performance Matter? A Meta-Analysis of CEO Pay Studies , 2000 .

[8]  Laurence G. Weinzimmer A Replication and Extension of Organizational Growth Determinants , 2000 .

[9]  Dennis P. Slevin,et al.  Pioneers and followers: Competitive tactics, environment, and firm growth , 2000 .

[10]  Gabriel Szulanski,et al.  Replication of Organizational Routines: Conceptualizing the Exploitation of Knowledge Assets , 2000 .

[11]  K. Knorr Cetina Epistemic Cultures , 1999 .

[12]  C. Brush,et al.  Businesses without glamour? an analysis of resources on performance by size and age in small service and retail firms , 1999 .

[13]  M. Banerjee,et al.  Beyond kappa: A review of interrater agreement measures , 1999 .

[14]  Gordon E. Greenley,et al.  A Comparison of Slack Resources in High and Low Performing British Companies , 1998 .

[15]  Edward J. Zajac,et al.  The symbolic management of stockholders: Corporate governance reforms and shareholder reactions , 1998 .

[16]  F. Vella Estimating Models with Sample Selection Bias: A Survey , 1998 .

[17]  S. Macstravic Marketing myopia. , 1998, The Healthcare Forum journal.

[18]  Ranjay Gulati,et al.  What is the optimum amount of organizational slack?: A study of the relationship between slack and innovation in multinational firms , 1997 .

[19]  Carolyn Y. Woo,et al.  Survival of the Fittest? Entrepreneurial Human Capital and the Persistence of Underperforming Firms , 1997 .

[20]  Joseph F. Porac,et al.  Worth, words, and the justification of executive pay , 1997 .

[21]  Bruce R. Barringer,et al.  A Qualitative Study of the Management Practices of Rapid-Growth Entrepreneurial Firms , 1997 .

[22]  Samuel B. Graves,et al.  The corporate social performance-financial performance link , 1997 .

[23]  Mark Simon,et al.  Corporate versus independent new ventures: Resource, strategy, and performance differences , 1997 .

[24]  P. Bromiley,et al.  Toward a Model of Risk in Declining Organizations: An Empirical Examination of Risk, Performance and Decline , 1996 .

[25]  Kent D. Miller,et al.  Corporate Risk-Return Relations: Returns Variability Versus Downside Risk , 1996 .

[26]  L. Gary,et al.  ABELL F. Dereck, Defining The Business. The Starting Point of Strategic Planning . USA, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1980. , 1996 .

[27]  Eric Abrahamson,et al.  Concealment of Negative Organizational Outcomes: An Agency Theory Perspective , 1994 .

[28]  Carolyn Y. Woo,et al.  Initial Human and Financial Capital as Predictors of New Venture Performance , 1994 .

[29]  Steven H. Hanks,et al.  Market attractiveness, resource-based capabilities, venture strategies, and venture performance , 1994 .

[30]  Jeffrey R. Edwards,et al.  Regression Analysis as an Alternative to Difference Scores , 1994 .

[31]  I. Nonaka A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation , 1994 .

[32]  Paul D. Reynolds,et al.  New venture strategies: theory development with an empirical base , 1994 .

[33]  Margaret A. Peteraf The cornerstones of competitive advantage: A resource‐based view , 1993 .

[34]  A. Bhide,et al.  Bootstrap finance: the art of start-ups. , 1992, Harvard business review.

[35]  Joseph T. Mahoney,et al.  The resource-based view within the conversation of strategic management , 1992 .

[36]  O. Douglas Moses,et al.  Organizational slack and risk-taking behaviour: tests of product pricing strategy , 1992 .

[37]  S. Kay On the Nature of Expertise. , 1992 .

[38]  Organizations , 1992, Restoration & Management Notes.

[39]  Richard A. Lambert,et al.  How sensitive is executive compensation to organizational size , 1991 .

[40]  J. Barney Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage , 1991 .

[41]  P. Bromiley Testing a Causal Model of Corporate Risk Taking and Performance , 1991 .

[42]  P. P. McDougall,et al.  New venture strategies: An empirical identification of eight ‘archetypes’ of competitive strategies for entry , 1990 .

[43]  Henry Mintzberg,et al.  Tracking Strategy in an Entrepreneurial Firm , 1990 .

[44]  K. Eisenhardt,et al.  Organizational Growth: Linking Founding Team, Strategy, Environment, and Growth among U.S. Semiconductor Ventures, 1978-1988. , 1990 .

[45]  P. Allison CHANGE SCORES AS DEPENDENT VARIABLES IN REGRESSION ANALYSIS , 1990 .

[46]  R. Weber Basic content analysis, 2nd ed. , 1990 .

[47]  Karel Cool,et al.  Asset stock accumulation and sustainability of competitive advantage , 1989 .

[48]  Elaine Romanelli,et al.  Environments and Strategies of Organization Start-Up: Effects on Early Survival , 1989 .

[49]  Andrei Shleifer,et al.  Do Managerial Objectives Drive Bad Acquisitions? , 1989 .

[50]  W. Arthur,et al.  INCREASING RETURNS AND LOCK-IN BY HISTORICAL EVENTS , 1989 .

[51]  Cynthia A. Montgomery,et al.  Diversification, Ricardian rents, and Tobin's q , 1988 .

[52]  Mark P. Sharfman,et al.  Antecedents of Organizational Slack , 1988 .

[53]  Cynthia A. Montgomery,et al.  Tobin's q and the Importance of Focus in Firm Performance , 1988 .

[54]  M. Chi,et al.  The Nature of Expertise , 1988 .

[55]  J. March,et al.  Managerial perspectives on risk and risk taking , 1987 .

[56]  D. Whetten Organizational Growth and Decline Processes , 1987 .

[57]  B. Chakravarthy Measuring strategic performance , 1986 .

[58]  New Business Ventures and the Entrepreneur , 1985 .

[59]  David E. Gumpert,et al.  The heart of entrepreneurship , 1985 .

[60]  P. David Clio and the Economics of QWERTY , 1985 .

[61]  M. Hannan,et al.  Structural Inertia and Organizational Change , 1984 .

[62]  Gregory G. Dess,et al.  Dimensions of Organizational Task Environments. , 1984 .

[63]  L. J. Bourgeois,et al.  Organizational Slack and Political Behavior Among Top Management Teams. , 1983 .

[64]  K. Marino,et al.  Measuring Organizational Slack: A Note on the Convergence and Divergence of Alternative Operational Definitions , 1983 .

[65]  S. Winter,et al.  An evolutionary theory of economic change , 1983 .

[66]  Henry Mintzberg,et al.  Tracking Strategy in an Entrepreneurial Firm1 , 1982 .

[67]  Gavin J. Wright An evolutionary theory of economic change , 1982 .

[68]  A. Meyer Adapting to environmental jolts. , 1982, Administrative science quarterly.

[69]  D. Abell,et al.  Defining the Business: The Starting Point of Strategic Planning , 1980 .

[70]  J. Heckman Sample selection bias as a specification error , 1979 .

[71]  J. Arthur Woodward,et al.  Unreliability of difference scores: A paradox for measurement of change. , 1975 .

[72]  Michael J. Roberts,et al.  New business ventures and the entrepreneur , 1974 .

[73]  E. C. Dalrymple-Alford Measurement of clustering in free recall. , 1970 .

[74]  L. Cronbach,et al.  How we should measure "change": Or should we? , 1970 .

[75]  Jacob Cohen,et al.  Weighted kappa: Nominal scale agreement provision for scaled disagreement or partial credit. , 1968 .

[76]  M. Hall Sales Revenue Maximization: An Empirical Examination , 1967 .

[77]  James D. Thompson Organizations in Action , 1967 .

[78]  H. Ansoff Corporate strategy : an analytic approach to business policy for growth and expansion , 1965 .

[79]  W. Hogan,et al.  A THEORY OF THE GROWTH OF THE FIRM , 1961 .

[80]  D. North Competing Technologies , Increasing Returns , and Lock-In by Historical Events , 1994 .