Electrically driven compact hybrid lithium niobate microring laser

We demonstrate an electrically driven compact hybrid lithium niobate microring laser by butt coupling a commercial 980-nm pump laser diode chip with a high quality Er 3+ -doped lithium niobate microring chip. Single mode lasing emission at 1531 nm wavelength from the Er 3+ -doped lithium niobate microring can be observed with the integrated 980-nm laser pumping. The compact hybrid lithium niobate microring laser occupies the chip size of 𝟑 𝐦𝐦 × 𝟒𝐦𝐦 × 𝟎. 𝟓 𝐦𝐦 . The threshold pumping laser power is 6 mW and the threshold current is 0.5 A

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