Die rhythmischen Schwankungen der Reaktionszeit beim Menschen

SummaryThe reaction time in man shows spontaneous variations in annual rhythm, in the menstrual cycle, and in diurnal rhythm. The reaction time is also influenced by the central respiratory rhythm, by cardiovascular afferent patterns of the heart rhythm, and by certain phases of the alpha rhythm in the EEG. Moreover, the periodic oscillations of the vegetative system (reactive periods) caused by chronic stress are accompanied by periodic changes of the reaction time.ZusammenfassungDie Reaktionszeit des Menschen unterliegt spontanen Schwankungen im Jahresrhythmus, im Menstruationszyklus der Frau sowie im Tagesrhythmus. Darüber hinaus wird die Reaktionszeit vom zentralen Atemrhythmus, von kardio-vaskulären Afferenzen im Herzrhythmus sowie von bestimmten Phasen des Alpha-Rhythmus im Elektroenzephalogramm beeinflußt. Auch die vegetativen Gesamtumstellungen, wie sie als sog. reaktive Perioden unter chronischer Reizbelastung auftreten, gehen mit periodischen Schwankungen der Reaktionszeit einher.

[1]  H. Wahlund,et al.  Determination of the Physical Working Capacity. A Physiological and Clinical Study with special reference to Standardization of Cardio-Pulmonary Functional Tests. , 1948 .

[2]  E. Callaway,et al.  Relationship between Reaction Time and Electroencephalographic Alpha Phase , 1960, Science.

[3]  D. Lindsley.  Psychological phenomena and the electroencephalogram. , 1952, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[4]  B. G. Metz,et al.  A Review of:“Menschliche Taq-Nacht Ryhthmik und Schichtarbeit”. (Human day-night rhythmicity and shift-work). By W. MENZEL. Benno Schwabe. editor, (Basle and Stuttgart.) [Pp. 189,41 figs., 811 refs.] , 1963 .

[5]  E. Adrian,et al.  Impulses in the pyramidal tract , 1939, The Journal of physiology.

[6]  G. H. Bishop,et al.  FACTORS DETERMINING THE FORM OF THE ELECTRICAL RESPONSE FROM THE OPTIC CORTEX OF THE RABBIT , 1932 .

[7]  M. Buchsbaum,et al.  Influences of Respiratory Cycle on Simple Reaction Time , 1965, Perceptual and motor skills.

[8]  E. Callaway,et al.  INTERACTION BETWEEN THE VISUAL EVOKED RESPONSE AND TWO SPONTANEOUS BIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS: THE EEG ALPHA CYCLE AND THE CARDIAC AROUSAL CYCLE * , 1964, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[9]  E. Callaway.  DAY‐TO‐DAY VARIABILITY IN RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC ALPHA PHASE AND REACTION TIME TO VISUAL STIMULI * , 1961 .

[10]  E. Walsh.  Visual reaction time and the α‐rhythm, an investigation of a scanning hypothesis , 1952 .

[11]  J. Tiffin,et al.  The relation between reaction time and temporal location of the stimulus on the tremor cycle , 1940 .

[12]  N. Kleitman,et al.  THE EFFECT OF BODY TEMPERATURE ON REACTION TIME , 1938 .

[13]  A. Bethe,et al.  Handbuch der Normalen und Pathologischen Physiologie , 1925 .

[14]  J. Birren,et al.  Reaction Time as a Function of the Cardiac Cycle in Young Adults , 1963, Science.

[15]  R. Lansing,et al.  Relation of brain and tremor rhythms to visual reaction time. , 1957, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[16]  G. Döring.  Die Reaktion auf Sinnesreize im Verlauf des Menstruationszyklus , 1954 .