“Fifty-cent rheometer” for yield stress measurements: From slump to spreading flow

The slump test, originally used to determine the “workability” of fresh concrete, has since been used in many industrial fields (e.g., mining and food industries). It offers a quick and easy way to measure the yield stress of suspensions or pasty materials. The model used for estimating the yield stress from the measured conical slump was first written by Murata [Mater. Struct. 98, 117–129 (1984)], corrected by Schowalter and Christensen [J. Rheol., 42, 865–870 (1988)] and adapted for a cylindrical geometry by Pashias [J. Rheol. 40, 1179–1189 (1996)]. However, a discrepancy between experimental and predicted slumps still appears in the case of conical slumps [Clayton et al., Int. J. Miner. Process. 70, 3–21 (2003)] and for high-yield stress materials. In the present paper, we extend the theoretical analysis of this simple practical test by including different flow regimes according to the ratio between the radius (R) and the height (H) of the slumped cone. We propose analytical solutions of the flow for t...

[1]  J. Oldroyd A rational formulation of the equations of plastic flow for a Bingham solid , 1947, Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society.

[2]  Peter Domone,et al.  The slump flow test for high-workability concrete , 1998 .

[3]  T. Young III. An essay on the cohesion of fluids , 1805, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.

[4]  David V. Boger,et al.  A fifty cent rheometer for yield stress measurement , 1996 .

[5]  D. V. Boger,et al.  Direct Yield Stress Measurement with the Vane Method , 1985 .

[6]  Olafur H. Wallevik,et al.  The effect of measuring procedure on the apparent rheological properties of self-compacting concrete , 2002 .

[7]  Thomas Young,et al.  An Essay on the Cohesion of Fluids , 1800 .

[8]  Morton M. Denn,et al.  Flow of bingham fluids in complex geometries , 1984 .

[9]  T. Papanastasiou Flows of Materials with Yield , 1987 .

[10]  R. Craster,et al.  Shallow viscoplastic flow on an inclined plane , 2002, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[11]  Brian J. Briscoe,et al.  A finite element analysis of the squeeze flow of an elasto-viscoplastic paste material , 1997 .

[12]  Philippe Coussot,et al.  Rheological interpretation of deposits of yield stress fluids , 1996 .

[13]  Hiroshi Mori,et al.  ANALYTICAL STUDY ON DEFORMATION OF FRESH CONCRETE , 1989 .

[14]  B. R. Stanmore,et al.  Use of the parallel-plate plastometer for the characterisation of viscous fluids with a yield stress , 1981 .

[15]  Philippe Coussot,et al.  Rheological Interpretation of the Slump Test , 2002 .

[16]  François de Larrard,et al.  The rheology of fresh high-performance concrete , 1996 .

[17]  Surendra P. Shah,et al.  A generalized approach for the determination of yield stress by slump and slump flow , 2004 .

[18]  P. Coussot,et al.  A large‐scale field coaxial cylinder rheometer for the study of the rheology of natural coarse suspensions , 1995 .

[19]  C. Mei,et al.  Slow spreading of a sheet of Bingham fluid on an inclined plane , 1989, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[20]  David V. Boger,et al.  Analysis of the slump test for on-site yield stress measurement of mineral suspensions , 2003 .

[21]  W. R. Schowalter,et al.  Toward a rationalization of the slump test for fresh concrete: Comparisons of calculations and experiments , 1998 .

[22]  Surendra P. Shah,et al.  The influence of wall slip on yield stress and viscoelastic measurements of cement paste , 2001 .

[23]  Roger I. Tanner,et al.  Numerical study of the Bingham squeeze film problem , 1984 .

[24]  S.D.R. Wilson,et al.  Squeezing flow of a Bingham material , 1993 .

[25]  J. Murata,et al.  Flow and deformation of fresh concrete , 1984 .

[26]  John E. Sader,et al.  Experimental validation of incipient failure of yield stress materials under gravitational loading , 2003 .