Anti-mycobacterial efficacy of three essentials oils from medicinal plants currently used traditionally to treat tuberculosis in Cameroon

The designed study carries out an ethnopharmacology survey of medicinal plant used to treat tuberculosis and asses theanti-mycobacterial efficiency of three of their plant essential oils against three strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The ethnopharmacological study was carried out in two localities of Nkam Division where plants specimens were collected. Three plants were selected, and their essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by Gas Chromatography and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Anti-mycobacterial activity of these essential oils was evaluated against four resistant isolates using the microdilution method. Twelve plants were collected; the most used were Drypetesgoss weileri S. Moore (Putranjivaceae), Pentadiplandra brazeana Baill (Pentadiplandraceae) and Allium sativumL (Amaryllidaceae). Benzyl isothiocyanate was the major component in D. gossweileri and P. brazzeanaessential oils at 91.27% and 96.00% respectively and with 2-methylpropenyl trisulfide at 51.02% methylallyltrisulfide (12.8%), diallylsulfide (11.1%) for A. sativum. The essential oils of A. sativum and P. brazzeana essential oil exhibited it higher activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 78.12 μg/mL and 312.50 μg/mL against extensively resistant isolate while highest activity of D. gossweileri was against Isoniazid resistant isolate with MIC of 156.25 μg/mL. The results justified the traditional usage of theseplant by Nkam populations for treating tuberculosis cases.

[1]  J. Tocilj,et al.  Sarcoidosis vasculitis and diffuse lung diseases. , 2020 .

[2]  M. Nyegue,et al.  Applying the hydrodistillation process to Pentadiplandra brazzeana Baill. root: a chemical assessment , 2019, Natural Product Research.

[3]  Nyegue Maximilienne Ascension,et al.  BIOACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM MEDICINAL PLANTS OF CAMEROON AND THEIR COMBINATION AGAINST INFANT DIARRHEA INDUCED BY BACTERIA , 2017 .

[4]  Jonathan D. Craft,et al.  The Chemical Compositions of the Volatile Oils of Garlic (Allium sativum) and Wild Garlic (Allium vineale) , 2017, Foods.

[5]  H. Agnaniet,et al.  Probing for the presence of glucosinolates in three Drypetes spp. (Drypetes euryodes (Hiern) Hutch., Drypetes gossweileri S. Moore, Drypetes laciniata Hutch.) and two Rinorea spp. (Rinorea subintegrifolia O. Ktze and Rinorea woermanniana (Büttner) Engl.) from Gabon , 2017, Natural product research.

[6]  G. Benelli,et al.  Traditional herbal remedies and dietary spices from Cameroon as novel sources of larvicides against filariasis mosquitoes? , 2016, Parasitology Research.

[7]  A. Tchinda,et al.  Chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of essential oils of four dietary and medicinal plants from Cameroon , 2016, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine.

[8]  L. Rao,et al.  Chemical composition of essential oils of garlic ( Allium sativum L.) , 2015 .

[9]  Lin Zhang,et al.  In vitro and in vivo study of anti-tuberculosis effect of extracts isolated from Ranunculi Ternati Radix. , 2015, Sarcoidosis Vasculities and Diffuse Lung Diseases.

[10]  I. Lazar,et al.  Effect of Essential Oils on Germination and Growth of Some Pathogenic and Spoilage Spore-Forming Bacteria. , 2015, Foodborne pathogens and disease.

[11]  D. Mnayer,et al.  Chemical Composition, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Six Essentials Oils from the Alliaceae Family , 2014, Molecules.

[12]  N. Bouzouita,et al.  Chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Tunisian garlic (Allium sativum) essential oil and ethanol extract , 2014 .

[13]  A. G. Phadatare,et al.  Antimycobacterial and Antibacterial Activity of Allium sativum Bulbs , 2014, Indian journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[14]  R. Santhosh,et al.  Plants: A Source for New Antimycobacterial Drugs , 2013, Planta Medica.

[15]  F. Etoa,et al.  Antibacterial activity of selected Cameroonian dietary spices ethno-medically used against strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. , 2012, Journal of ethnopharmacology.

[16]  I. Tanackov,et al.  Effects of onion (Allium cepa L.) and garlic (Allium sativum L.) essential oils on the Aspergillus versicolor growth and sterigmatocystin production. , 2012, Journal of food science.

[17]  R. Meyer,et al.  Essential Oils in Food Preservation: Mode of Action, Synergies, and Interactions with Food Matrix Components , 2012, Front. Microbio..

[18]  M. Nyegue,et al.  Profile and quantification of glucosinolates in Pentadiplandra brazzeana Baillon. , 2012, Phytochemistry.

[19]  A. Wilson.  Recherche d'isothiocyanates à intérêts fonctionnel et technologique chez les Brassicacées , 2011 .

[20]  A. Fabbri,et al.  The potential role of garlic (Allium sativum) against the multi-drug resistant tuberculosis pandemic: a review. , 2011, Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita.

[21]  Nazim Madhavji,et al.  Organization , 2020, WER.

[22]  A. Samie,et al.  Inhibitory properties of selected South African medicinal plants against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. , 2010, Journal of ethnopharmacology.

[23]  R. Romeilah,et al.  Chemical Compositions, Antiviral and Antioxidant Activities of Seven Essential Oils , 2010 .

[24]  J. Ngondi,et al.  Anti-amylase, anti-lipase and antioxidant effects of aqueous extracts of some Cameroonian spices. , 2010 .

[25]  Carl Eklund,et al.  National Institute for Standards and Technology , 2009, Encyclopedia of Biometrics.

[26]  I. Orme,et al.  Testing of Experimental Compounds in a Relapse Model of Tuberculosis Using Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Gene-Disrupted Mice , 2008, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

[27]  P. S. Murthy,et al.  Purification and mechanism of action of antitubercular principle from garlic (Allium sativum) active against isoniazid susceptible and resistantMycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv , 2008, Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry.

[28]  Nikolaos G. Siatis,et al.  Comparison of distillation and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods for the isolation of sensitive aroma compounds from garlic (Allium sativum). , 2006, Ultrasonics sonochemistry.

[29]  S. Said-Fernández,et al.  Bactericidal activity of organic extracts from Flourensia cernua DC against strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. , 2006, Archives of medical research.

[30]  A. Sartoratto,et al.  Composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from aromatic plants used in Brazil , 2004 .

[31]  M. Meckes,et al.  Activity against multidrug‐resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mexican plants used to treat respiratory diseases , 2003, Phytotherapy research : PTR.

[32]  J. Bessière,et al.  The essential oils of Rinorea subintegrifolia O. Ktze and Drypetes gossweileri S. Moore occurring in Gabon , 2003 .

[33]  J. Betti.  MEDICINAL PLANTS SOLD IN YAOUNDE MARKETS, CAMEROON , 2002 .

[34]  H. Kimoto,et al.  Effects of synthetic hydroxy isothiocyanates on microbial systems. , 1998, Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry.

[35]  J. Bessière,et al.  Aromatic Plants of Tropical Central Africa. XXIX. Benzyl Isothiocyanate as Major Constituent of Bark Essential Oil of Drypetes gossweileri S. Moore , 1997 .

[36]  L. Collins,et al.  Microplate alamar blue assay versus BACTEC 460 system for high-throughput screening of compounds against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium , 1997, Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy.

[37]  G. Towers,et al.  An ethnobotanical study of the traditional medicine of the Mestizo people of Suni Miraño, Loreto, Peru. , 1996, Journal of ethnopharmacology.