3-10 GHz ultra wideband front-end transceiver in 0.13 μm complementary metal oxide semiconductor for low-power biomedical radar

A new integrated low-power, low-complexity ultra wideband (UWB) transceiver front-end in standard 130 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology which can be used in UWB radar biomedical sensing applications is proposed in this study. The transceiver comprises of a full UWB band transmitter, an on-chip diplexer and a full UWB band receiver front-end. The transmitter generates Gaussian-pulse-modulated and rectangular-pulse-modulated signals at different carrier frequencies within the designated UWB by using a digitally controlled oscillator. The transmitter consumes an average power of 8 mW at a 10 MHz pulse rate. The on-chip diplexer has a 1 dB insertion loss and an isolation of −30 dB. Its switch is co-designed with the receiver's input matching network to optimise the power matching while achieving good noise performance. The receiver low noise amplifier has a 3–10 GHz input matching bandwidth with a power gain of 16 dB. The overall receiver front-end consumes an average power of 12 mW. The core area of the transceiver circuit is 500 μm by 1100 μm. The experiments show that the proposed radar transceiver can successfully detect a human respiration pattern within 50 cm. This novel design using a DCO-type UWB transceiver integrated with an on-chip diplexer demonstrates the use of the low power UWB radar detection in biomedical applications.

[1]  R. H. Norman.  The dielectric properties of rubber , 1953 .

[2]  R. W. Lau,et al.  The dielectric properties of biological tissues: III. Parametric models for the dielectric spectrum of tissues. , 1996, Physics in medicine and biology.

[3]  Thomas H. Lee,et al.  The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits: RF CIRCUITS THROUGH THE AGES , 2003 .

[4]  Kuo-Liang Deng,et al.  A 0.6-22-GHz broadband CMOS distributed amplifier , 2003, IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium, 2003.

[5]  Christopher R. Anderson,et al.  A parametric study of time-domain characteristics of possible UWB antenna architectures , 2003, 2003 IEEE 58th Vehicular Technology Conference. VTC 2003-Fall (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37484).

[6]  C. C. Chiau,et al.  Study of a printed circular disc monopole antenna for UWB systems , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[7]  Y. Sanada,et al.  A CMOS ultra-wideband impulse radio transceiver for 1-mb/s data communications and /spl plusmn/2.5-cm range finding , 2006, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[8]  Joungho Kim,et al.  System-on-package ultra-wideband transmitter using CMOS impulse generator , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[9]  T. Kuroda,et al.  A CMOS ultra-wideband impulse radio transceiver for 1-Mb/s data communications and ±2.5-cm range finding , 2006, VLSIC 2006.

[10]  Rui Xu,et al.  Power-efficient switching-based CMOS UWB transmitters for UWB communications and Radar systems , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[11]  Jin He,et al.  A CMOS Ultra-Wideband Impulse Radio Transceiver for Interchip Wireless Communications , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband.

[12]  Troels B. Sørensen,et al.  In-Band Interference Effects on UTRA LTE Uplink Resource Block Allocation , 2008, VTC Spring 2008 - IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference.

[13]  Adolfo Steiger-Garção,et al.  A CMOS variable width short-pulse generator circuit for UWB RADAR applications , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[14]  Ali M. Niknejad,et al.  A CMOS IR-UWB Transceiver Design for Contact-Less Chip Testing Applications , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs.

[15]  Luís Bica Oliveira,et al.  A Pulse Generator for UWB-IR Based on a Relaxation Oscillator , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs.

[16]  Seok-Kyun Han,et al.  Energy-Efficient Low-Complexity CMOS Pulse Generator for Multiband UWB Impulse Radio , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[17]  Songcheol Hong,et al.  A CMOS UWB Pulse Generator for 6–10 GHz Applications , 2009 .

[18]  Egidio Ragonese,et al.  24-GHz ultra-wideband transmitter for vehicular short-range radar applications , 2009, IET Circuits Devices Syst..

[19]  Tian Xia,et al.  Design of a monolithic width programmable Gaussian Monocycle Pulse generator for Ultra WideBand radar in CMOS technology , 2009, 2009 Joint IEEE North-East Workshop on Circuits and Systems and TAISA Conference.

[20]  Yu-Jiu Wang,et al.  A compact low-noise weighted distributed amplifier in CMOS , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - Digest of Technical Papers.

[21]  Po-Yu Chang,et al.  A Compact 0.1–14-GHz Ultra-Wideband Low-Noise Amplifier in 0.13-$\mu{\hbox{m}}$ CMOS , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[22]  Alyssa B. Apsel,et al.  An Ultralow-Power Dual-Band UWB Impulse Radio , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs.

[23]  Hossein Hashemi,et al.  A short-range UWB impulse-radio CMOS sensor for human feature detection , 2011, 2011 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference.

[24]  Andrea Bevilacqua,et al.  A 5 Mb/s UWB-IR Transceiver Front-End for Wireless Sensor Networks in 0.13 $\mu{\hbox{m}}$ CMOS , 2011, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[25]  Alessandro Tognetti,et al.  SoC CMOS UWB Pulse Radar Sensor for Contactless Respiratory Rate Monitoring , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems.

[26]  Günhan Dündar,et al.  An Ultra Low-Power Dual-Band IR-UWB Transmitter in 130-nm CMOS , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs.

[27]  A. B. M. Harun-ur Rashid,et al.  A novel 7 Gbps low-power CMOS ultra-wideband pulse generator , 2012, IET Circuits Devices Syst..