The Transitory Phase to the Attainment of Self-Regulatory Skill in Mathematical Problem Solving.

Three phases of development of self-regulatory skill in the domain of mathematical problem solving were designed to examine students' behaviour and the effects on their problem solving ability. Forty-eight Grade 4 students (10 year olds) participated in this pilot study. The students were randomly assigned to one of three groups, each representing a different developmental level of self-regulatory skill: (a) the observation level, (b) the emulation level and (c) the self-control level. The first findings advocate that novices and medium solvers performed better in cooperative than in traditional environments in contrast with experts. Moreover, the first findings advocate that learning environments which provide peer modelling may contribute to the development of self-regulatory skills in medium problem solvers.

[1]  A. Su,et al.  The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics , 1932, The Mathematical Gazette.

[2]  Anastasia Kitsantas,et al.  Self-regulated learning of a motoric skill: The role of goal setting and self-monitoring , 1996 .

[3]  Frank K. Lester,et al.  Musings about Mathematical Problem-Solving Research: 1970-1994. , 1994 .

[4]  B. Zimmerman,et al.  Self-regulated learning : from teaching to self-reflective practice , 1998 .

[5]  Roger Bruning,et al.  Cognitive psychology for teachers , 1990 .

[6]  Arthur C. Graesser,et al.  Metacognition in Mathematics From a Constructivist Perspective , 1998 .

[7]  Philip H. Winne,et al.  Inherent details in self-regulated learning , 1995 .

[8]  R. Hembree Experiments and Relational Studies in Problem Solving: A Meta-Analysis. , 1992 .

[9]  B. Zimmerman Attaining self-regulation: A social cognitive perspective. , 2000 .

[10]  K. A. Ericsson,et al.  Expert and exceptional performance: evidence of maximal adaptation to task constraints. , 1996, Annual review of psychology.

[11]  Alice F. Artz,et al.  Development of a Cognitive-Metacognitive Framework for Protocol Analysis of Mathematical Problem Solving in Small Groups , 1992 .

[12]  Ted L. Rosenthal,et al.  Observational learning of rule-governed behavior by children. , 1974 .

[13]  G. Pólya,et al.  How to Solve It. A New Aspect of Mathematical Method. , 1945 .

[14]  P. Pintrich,et al.  Handbook of self-regulation , 2000 .

[15]  B. Zimmerman,et al.  Social Origins of Self-Regulatory Competence , 1997 .

[16]  M. Boekaerts SELF-REGULATED LEARNING: A NEW CONCEPT EMBRACED BY RESEARCHERS, POLICY MAKERS, EDUCATORS, TEACHERS, AND STUDENTS , 1997 .

[17]  John R. Anderson Cognitive Psychology and Its Implications , 1980 .

[18]  Philip H. Winne,et al.  Measuring Self-Regulated Learning , 2000 .

[19]  Douglas J. Hacker,et al.  Metacognition in educational theory and practice. , 1998 .

[20]  P. Pintrich,et al.  Beyond Cold Conceptual Change: The Role of Motivational Beliefs and Classroom Contextual Factors in the Process of Conceptual Change , 1993 .