Stabilization and Management of the Acutely Agitated or Psychotic Patient.

[1]  S. Prakash,et al.  Acute psychosis presenting as a sole manifestation of left atrial myxoma: a new paradigm. , 2014, The American journal of emergency medicine.

[2]  S. Nia,et al.  Psychiatric signs and symptoms in treatable inborn errors of metabolism , 2014, Journal of Neurology.

[3]  M. Allen,et al.  Alternative Delivery Systems for Agents to Treat Acute Agitation: Progress to Date , 2013, Drugs.

[4]  G. Keating Loxapine Inhalation Powder: A Review of its Use in the Acute Treatment of Agitation in Patients with Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia , 2013, CNS Drugs.

[5]  P. Nystrom,et al.  Successful Management of Excited Delirium Syndrome with Prehospital Ketamine: Two Case Examples , 2013, Prehospital emergency care : official journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors.

[6]  Brian Kroeger,et al.  The Emergency Department Experience with Prehospital Ketamine: A Case Series of 13 Patients , 2012, Prehospital emergency care : official journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors.

[7]  C. Adams,et al.  Physical restraints versus seclusion room for management of people with acute aggression or agitation due to psychotic illness (TREC-SAVE): a randomized trial , 2012, Psychological Medicine.

[8]  G. Holloman,et al.  Use and Avoidance of Seclusion and Restraint: Consensus Statement of the American Association for Emergency Psychiatry Project BETA Seclusion and Restraint Workgroup , 2012, The western journal of emergency medicine.

[9]  G. Currier,et al.  The Psychopharmacology of Agitation: Consensus Statement of the American Association for Emergency Psychiatry Project BETA Psychopharmacology Workgroup , 2012, The western journal of emergency medicine.

[10]  L. Zun,et al.  Medical Evaluation and Triage of the Agitated Patient: Consensus Statement of the American Association for Emergency Psychiatry Project BETA Medical Evaluation Workgroup , 2012, The western journal of emergency medicine.

[11]  S. Zeller,et al.  Verbal De-escalation of the Agitated Patient: Consensus Statement of the American Association for Emergency Psychiatry Project BETA De-escalation Workgroup , 2012, The western journal of emergency medicine.

[12]  E. Hunter,et al.  Ketamine sedation for patients with acute agitation and psychiatric illness requiring aeromedical retrieval , 2011, Emergency Medicine Journal.

[13]  L. Koran,et al.  Agitation in the Inpatient Psychiatric Setting: A Review of Clinical Presentation, Burden, and Treatment , 2011, Journal of psychiatric practice.

[14]  G. Hobbs,et al.  Violence in the emergency department: a national survey of emergency medicine residents and attending physicians. , 2011, The Journal of emergency medicine.

[15]  E. Tang,et al.  Visual hallucinations from retinal detachment misdiagnosed as psychosis. , 2011, Journal of psychiatric practice.

[16]  Christopher Rodgman,et al.  Bad Mojo: use of the new marijuana substitute leads to more and more ED visits for acute psychosis. , 2011, The American journal of emergency medicine.

[17]  R. Rhoades,et al.  Systematic reviews of assessment measures and pharmacologic treatments for agitation. , 2010, Clinical therapeutics.

[18]  Megan Swan,et al.  The violent or agitated patient. , 2010, Emergency medicine clinics of North America.

[19]  M. Mycyk,et al.  Physical and chemical restraints. , 2009, Emergency medicine clinics of North America.

[20]  C. Mcstay,et al.  Evaluation of the psychiatric patient. , 2009, Emergency medicine clinics of North America.

[21]  J. Gacki-Smith,et al.  Violence Against Nurses Working in US Emergency Departments , 2009, Journal of healthcare protection management : publication of the International Association for Hospital Security.

[22]  Flora T. Musuamba,et al.  Pharmacokinetics and dosage adjustment in patients with renal dysfunction , 2008, European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.

[23]  J. Ashford,et al.  Comparison of Intranasal Administration of Haloperidol with Intravenous and Intramuscular Administration: A Pilot Pharmacokinetic Study , 2008, Pharmacotherapy.

[24]  L. Zun,et al.  Frequency of alternative to restraints and seclusion and uses of agitation reduction techniques in the emergency department. , 2007, General hospital psychiatry.

[25]  G. Lin,et al.  The combative multitrauma patient: a protocol for prehospital management , 2007, European journal of emergency medicine : official journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine.

[26]  A. Marshall,et al.  Violence and aggression in the emergency department: a critical care perspective. , 2007, Australian critical care : official journal of the Confederation of Australian Critical Care Nurses.

[27]  Donna M Gates,et al.  Violence against emergency department workers. , 2006, The Journal of emergency medicine.

[28]  P. Rocca,et al.  Managing the aggressive and violent patient in the psychiatric emergency , 2006, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry.

[29]  A. Tsuchiya,et al.  A systematic review of the safety and effectiveness of restraint and seclusion as interventions for the short-term management of violence in adult psychiatric inpatient settings and emergency departments. , 2006, Worldviews on evidence-based nursing.

[30]  James Miner,et al.  Management of acute undifferentiated agitation in the emergency department: a randomized double-blind trial of droperidol, ziprasidone, and midazolam. , 2005, Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.

[31]  Robert H. Davis,et al.  Pennsylvania State Hospital system's seclusion and restraint reduction program. , 2005, Psychiatric services.

[32]  L. Zun,et al.  The use of seclusion in emergency medicine. , 2005, General hospital psychiatry.

[33]  J. Petit Management of the acutely violent patient. , 2005, The Psychiatric clinics of North America.

[34]  R. Khare,et al.  Workplace violence: a survey of emergency physicians in the state of Michigan. , 2005, Annals of emergency medicine.

[35]  Stephen W. Smith,et al.  Agitation is common in γ-hydroxybutyrate toxicity , 2005 .

[36]  R. Cancro,et al.  Predictors of aggression on the psychiatric inpatient service. , 2005, Comprehensive psychiatry.

[37]  M. Levitt,et al.  A prospective, double-blind, randomized trial of midazolam versus haloperidol versus lorazepam in the chemical restraint of violent and severely agitated patients. , 2004, Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.

[38]  A. Sorrentino Chemical restraints for the agitated, violent, or psychotic pediatric patient in the emergency department: controversies and recommendations , 2004, Current opinion in pediatrics.

[39]  B. Turetsky,et al.  Misdiagnosis of schizophrenia in a patient with psychotic symptoms. , 2002, Neuropsychiatry, neuropsychology, and behavioral neurology.

[40]  J. Rabinowitz,et al.  Predictions made by psychiatrists and psychiatric nurses of violence by patients. , 2002, Psychiatric services.

[41]  S M Archer,et al.  Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics of Lorazepam after Intranasal, Intravenous, and Intramuscular Administration , 2001, Journal of clinical pharmacology.

[42]  G. Geeting,et al.  Intramuscular ketamine for the rapid tranquilization of the uncontrollable, violent, and dangerous adult patient. , 2001, The Journal of trauma.

[43]  J. Lindenmayer The pathophysiology of agitation. , 2000, The Journal of clinical psychiatry.

[44]  R. Wise New restraint standards will change your practice. , 2000, ED management : the monthly update on emergency department management.

[45]  J. Volavka,et al.  Violent patients in the emergency setting. , 1999, The Psychiatric clinics of North America.

[46]  G. Annas The last resort--the use of physical restraints in medical emergencies. , 1999, The New England journal of medicine.

[47]  J. Richards,et al.  Chemical restraint for the agitated patient in the emergency department: lorazepam versus droperidol. , 1998, The Journal of emergency medicine.

[48]  R. Ownby,et al.  A Double‐Blind Study of Lorazepam versus the Combination of Haloperidol and Lorazepam in Managing Agitation , 1998, Pharmacotherapy.

[49]  J. Sexton,et al.  Diphenhydramine-induced psychosis with therapeutic doses. , 1997, The American journal of emergency medicine.

[50]  W. Dubin,et al.  Haloperidol, lorazepam, or both for psychotic agitation? A multicenter, prospective, double-blind, emergency department study. , 1997, The American journal of emergency medicine.

[51]  G. Simpson,et al.  Efficacy of lorazepam and haloperidol for rapid tranquilization in a psychiatric emergency room setting , 1997, International clinical psychopharmacology.

[52]  J. Tintinalli,et al.  Emergency medical evaluation of psychiatric patients. , 1994, Annals of emergency medicine.

[53]  E. Mulvey,et al.  The accuracy of predictions of violence to others. , 1993, JAMA.

[54]  E. Miyawaki,et al.  Parenteral lorazepam versus parenteral haloperidol for the control of psychotic disruptive behavior. , 1991, The Journal of clinical psychiatry.

[55]  M. Rice,et al.  Management of the violent patient. Therapeutic and legal considerations. , 1991, Emergency medicine clinics of North America.

[56]  J. Overall,et al.  Efficacy of combinations of intramuscular antipsychotics and sedative-hypnotics for control of psychotic agitation. , 1989, The American journal of psychiatry.

[57]  W. Dubin,et al.  Rapid tranquilization of the violent patient. , 1989, The American journal of emergency medicine.

[58]  Young Gp The agitated patient in the emergency department. , 1987 .

[59]  J. Cohen-Mansfield,et al.  Agitated Behaviors in the Elderly: I. A Conceptual Review , 1986, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[60]  D. Taylor,et al.  Intravenous droperidol or olanzapine as an adjunct to midazolam for the acutely agitated patient: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. , 2013, Annals of emergency medicine.

[61]  S. Sampson,et al.  Benzodiazepines for psychosis-induced aggression or agitation. , 2013, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[62]  M. Riedel,et al.  Management of Patients Presenting with Acute Psychotic Episodes of Schizophrenia , 2009, CNS drugs.

[63]  D. Taylor,et al.  Randomized clinical trial comparing intravenous midazolam and droperidol for sedation of the acutely agitated patient in the emergency department. , 2006, Annals of emergency medicine.

[64]  L. Citrome New Treatments for Agitation , 2004, Psychiatric Quarterly.

[65]  G. Currier,et al.  Report and Recommendations Regarding Psychiatric Emergency and Crisis Services , 2002 .

[66]  R. Christensen Misdiagnosis of anticholinergic delerium as schizophrenic psychosis. , 1995, The American journal of emergency medicine.