Buoyancy-Driven Flow Transitions in Deep Cavities Heated From Below

A numerical investigation has been conducted of flow transitions in deep three-dimensional cavities heated from below. The first critical Rayleigh number, Ra 1 , below which the flow is at rest, and the second critical Rayleigh number, Ra 11 , for transition from steady state to oscillatory flow, have been found for cavities of aspect ratios Ar in the range 1-5. Transition to chaos has also been examined for these cases

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