Role of autotaxin in systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of various autoantibodies and deposition of immune complexes. SLE is a heterogenous disease, and the pattern of organ involvement and response to treatment differs significantly among patients. Novel biological markers are necessary to assess the extent of organ involvement and predict treatment response in SLE. Lysophosphatidic acid is a lysophospholipid involved in various biological processes, and autotaxin (ATX), which catalyzes the production of lysophosphatidic acid in the extracellular space, has gained attention in various diseases as a potential biomarker. The concentration of ATX is increased in the serum and urine of patients with SLE and lupus nephritis. Recent evidence suggests that ATX produced by plasmacytoid dendritic cells may play an important role in the immune system and pathogenesis of SLE. Furthermore, the production of ATX is associated with type I interferons, a key cytokine in SLE pathogenesis, and ATX may be a potential biomarker and key molecule in SLE.

[1]  M. Mayes,et al.  A 24‐Week, Phase IIa, Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Study of Ziritaxestat in Early Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis , 2023, Arthritis & rheumatology.

[2]  A. Kwakernaak,et al.  Macrophages in Lupus Nephritis: Exploring a potential new therapeutic avenue. , 2022, Autoimmunity reviews.

[3]  T. Sawada,et al.  Autotaxin is a potential link between genetic risk factors and immunological disturbances of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in systematic lupus erythematosus , 2022, Lupus.

[4]  A. Psarras,et al.  Emerging concepts of type I interferons in SLE pathogenesis and therapy , 2022, Nature Reviews Rheumatology.

[5]  G. Tsokos,et al.  Abnormalities of T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus: new insights in pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies. , 2022, Journal of autoimmunity.

[6]  Kai-ming Dai,et al.  Roles of Autotaxin/Autotaxin-Lysophosphatidic Acid Axis in the Initiation and Progression of Liver Cancer , 2022, Frontiers in Oncology.

[7]  Xuetao Cao,et al.  Dendritic cells in systemic lupus erythematosus: From pathogenesis to therapeutic applications. , 2022, Journal of autoimmunity.

[8]  S. Narumiya,et al.  LPA suppresses T cell function by altering the cytoskeleton and disrupting immune synapse formation , 2022, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[9]  I. Bruce,et al.  Anifrolumab efficacy and safety by type I interferon gene signature and clinical subgroups in patients with SLE: post hoc analysis of pooled data from two phase III trials , 2022, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases.

[10]  M. Kurano,et al.  Urine autotaxin levels reflect the disease activity of sarcoidosis , 2022, Scientific Reports.

[11]  Stephan Hasse,et al.  Red blood cell-derived phosphatidylserine positive extracellular vesicles are associated with past thrombotic events in patients with systemic erythematous lupus , 2022, Lupus Science & Medicine.

[12]  Jie-Young Song,et al.  Enpp2 Expression by Dendritic Cells Is a Key Regulator in Migration , 2021, Biomedicines.

[13]  V. Aidinis,et al.  Commonalities Between ARDS, Pulmonary Fibrosis and COVID-19: The Potential of Autotaxin as a Therapeutic Target , 2021, Frontiers in Immunology.

[14]  E. Pearce,et al.  Plasmacytoid dendritic cell activation is dependent on coordinated expression of distinct amino acid transporters. , 2021, Immunity.

[15]  V. Aidinis,et al.  Increased Autotaxin Levels in Severe COVID-19, Correlating with IL-6 Levels, Endothelial Dysfunction Biomarkers, and Impaired Functions of Dendritic Cells , 2021, medRxiv.

[16]  Xiaotian Zhang,et al.  The Expression Regulation and Biological Function of Autotaxin , 2021, Cells.

[17]  L. Arnaud,et al.  Living with systemic lupus erythematosus in 2020: a European patient survey , 2021, Lupus Science & Medicine.

[18]  M. Sumitani,et al.  Inhibition of autotaxin activity ameliorates neuropathic pain derived from lumbar spinal canal stenosis , 2021, Scientific Reports.

[19]  M. Kurano,et al.  Suppressing postcollection lysophosphatidic acid metabolism improves the precision of plasma LPA quantification , 2021, Journal of lipid research.

[20]  M. Kurano,et al.  Higher serum levels of autotaxin and phosphatidylserine‐specific phospholipase A1 in patients with lupus nephritis , 2020, International journal of rheumatic diseases.

[21]  Long N Nguyen,et al.  Emerging roles of lysophospholipids in health and disease. , 2020, Progress in lipid research.

[22]  E. Gao,et al.  Autotaxin inhibition reduces cardiac inflammation and mitigates adverse cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction. , 2020, Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology.

[23]  M. Kurano,et al.  Urinary autotaxin concentrations are associated with kidney injury. , 2020, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[24]  A. Tamori,et al.  Association of serum autotaxin levels with liver fibrosis in patients pretreatment and posttreatment with chronic hepatitis C , 2020, Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology.

[25]  Joseph N. Pucella,et al.  Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and Type I Interferon Promote Extrafollicular B Cell Responses to Extracellular Self-DNA. , 2020, Immunity.

[26]  Shingo Yamamoto,et al.  ONO-8430506: A Novel Autotaxin Inhibitor That Enhances the Antitumor Effect of Paclitaxel in a Breast Cancer Model. , 2020, ACS medicinal chemistry letters.

[27]  H. Zayed,et al.  Dysregulation of Signaling Pathways Due to Differentially Expressed Genes From the B-Cell Transcriptomes of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients – A Bioinformatics Approach , 2020, Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology.

[28]  Louise P Nichilatti,et al.  Physiopathology of pain in systemic erythematosus lupus , 2020, Lupus.

[29]  Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index , 2020, Definitions.

[30]  I. Bruce,et al.  Trial of Anifrolumab in Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. , 2019, The New England journal of medicine.

[31]  V. Aidinis,et al.  Autotaxin and chronic inflammatory diseases. , 2019, Journal of autoimmunity.

[32]  M. Wuest,et al.  Inhibition of Autotaxin with GLPG1690 Increases the Efficacy of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer , 2019, Molecular Cancer Therapeutics.

[33]  M. Ward,et al.  EULAR recommendations for the management of antiphospholipid syndrome in adults , 2019, Annals of the rheumatic diseases.

[34]  M. Kurano,et al.  Autotaxin and soluble IL-2 receptor concentrations in cerebrospinal fluids are useful for the diagnosis of central nervous system invasion caused by haematological malignancies , 2019, Annals of clinical biochemistry.

[35]  T. Denning,et al.  Autotaxin determines colitis severity in mice and is secreted by B cells in the colon , 2018, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[36]  M. Sumitani,et al.  Lysophosphatidic acid is associated with neuropathic pain intensity in humans: An exploratory study , 2018, PloS one.

[37]  S. Dupont,et al.  Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of GLPG1690, a novel autotaxin inhibitor, to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (FLORA): a phase 2a randomised placebo-controlled trial. , 2018, The Lancet. Respiratory medicine.

[38]  K. Koike,et al.  Performance of autotaxin as a serum marker for liver fibrosis , 2018, Annals of clinical biochemistry.

[39]  N. Tanaka,et al.  Serum autotaxin levels are correlated with hepatic fibrosis and ballooning in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease , 2018, World journal of gastroenterology.

[40]  J. Wren,et al.  Systemic lupus erythematosus biomarkers: the challenging quest , 2016, Rheumatology.

[41]  M. Crow,et al.  Novel molecular signatures in mononuclear cell populations from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. , 2016, Clinical immunology.

[42]  Ranjan Gupta,et al.  Longitudinal assessment of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in lupus nephritis as a biomarker of disease activity , 2016, Clinical Rheumatology.

[43]  Jianghua Chen,et al.  Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1, Fractalkine, and Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products in Different Pathological Types of Lupus Nephritis and Their Value in Different Treatment Prognoses , 2016, PloS one.

[44]  R. Lafyatis,et al.  An Autotaxin/Lysophosphatidic Acid/Interleukin‐6 Amplification Loop Drives Scleroderma Fibrosis , 2016, Arthritis & rheumatology.

[45]  Y. H. Lee,et al.  Overall and cause-specific mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus: an updated meta-analysis , 2016, Lupus.

[46]  N. Shen,et al.  Predominant Role of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Stimulating Systemic Autoimmunity , 2015, Front. Immunol..

[47]  Ming Guan,et al.  Type I Interferons Function as Autocrine and Paracrine Factors to Induce Autotaxin in Response to TLR Activation , 2015, PloS one.

[48]  T. Kinashi,et al.  Autotaxin Produced by Stromal Cells Promotes LFA-1–Independent and Rho-Dependent Interstitial T Cell Motility in the Lymph Node Paracortex , 2014, The Journal of Immunology.

[49]  S. Georas,et al.  Regulation of T Cell Motility In Vitro and In Vivo by LPA and LPA2 , 2014, PloS one.

[50]  Y. Fujiwara,et al.  Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 5 Inhibits B Cell Antigen Receptor Signaling and Antibody Response , 2014, The Journal of Immunology.

[51]  H. Ovaa,et al.  Necessity of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 for development of arthritis. , 2013, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[52]  Takao Shimizu,et al.  Decrease in circulating autotaxin by oral administration of prednisolone. , 2013, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[53]  H. Ikeda,et al.  Autotaxin in liver fibrosis. , 2012, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[54]  Yi-Chun Chen,et al.  Autotaxin through Lysophosphatidic Acid Stimulates Polarization, Motility, and Transendothelial Migration of Naive T Cells , 2012, The Journal of Immunology.

[55]  B. Rovin,et al.  Association of noninvasively measured renal protein biomarkers with histologic features of lupus nephritis. , 2012, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[56]  M. Masu,et al.  Autotaxin expression from synovial fibroblasts is essential for the pathogenesis of modeled arthritis , 2012, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[57]  S. Kōzuma,et al.  Serum autotaxin measurements in pregnant women: application for the differentiation of normal pregnancy and pregnancy-induced hypertension. , 2011, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[58]  Tao Wu,et al.  Binding of Autotaxin to Integrins Localizes Lysophosphatidic Acid Production to Platelets and Mammalian Cells* , 2011, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[59]  P. Valet,et al.  Adipose-specific disruption of autotaxin enhances nutritional fattening and reduces plasma lysophosphatidic acid , 2011, Journal of Lipid Research.

[60]  A. Skol,et al.  Trait-stratified genome-wide association study identifies novel and diverse genetic associations with serologic and cytokine phenotypes in systemic lupus erythematosus , 2010, Arthritis research & therapy.

[61]  Steve Horvath,et al.  WGCNA: an R package for weighted correlation network analysis , 2008, BMC Bioinformatics.

[62]  M. Kurokawa,et al.  Serum autotaxin measurement in haematological malignancies: a promising marker for follicular lymphoma , 2008, British journal of haematology.

[63]  Y. Yatomi,et al.  Measurement of plasma lysophosphatidic acid concentration in healthy subjects: strong correlation with lysophospholipase D activity , 2008, Annals of clinical biochemistry.

[64]  M. Gunn,et al.  Autotaxin, an ectoenzyme that produces lysophosphatidic acid, promotes the entry of lymphocytes into secondary lymphoid organs , 2008, Nature Immunology.

[65]  M. Nangaku,et al.  Validation of an autotaxin enzyme immunoassay in human serum samples and its application to hypoalbuminemia differentiation. , 2008, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[66]  H. Ikeda,et al.  Suppression of lysophosphatidic acid and lysophosphatidylcholine formation in the plasma in vitro: proposal of a plasma sample preparation method for laboratory testing of these lipids. , 2007, Analytical biochemistry.

[67]  Kazuhiro Nakamura,et al.  Both Plasma Lysophosphatidic Acid and Serum Autotaxin Levels are Increased in Chronic Hepatitis C , 2007, Journal of clinical gastroenterology.

[68]  S. Georas,et al.  Lysophosphatidic acid modulates the activation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. , 2006, Stem cells and development.

[69]  L. Rönnblom,et al.  Induction of interferon-alpha production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells by immune complexes containing nucleic acid released by necrotic or late apoptotic cells and lupus IgG. , 2004, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[70]  T. Giese,et al.  Plasmacytoid dendritic cells, antigen, and CpG-C license human B cells for plasma cell differentiation and immunoglobulin production in the absence of T-cell help. , 2004, Blood.

[71]  Virginia Pascual,et al.  Plasmacytoid dendritic cells induce plasma cell differentiation through type I interferon and interleukin 6. , 2003, Immunity.

[72]  F. Di Virgilio,et al.  The Influence of Lysophosphatidic Acid on the Functions of Human Dendritic Cells , 2002, The Journal of Immunology.

[73]  D. Gladman,et al.  Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000. , 2002, The Journal of rheumatology.

[74]  V. Pascual,et al.  Induction of dendritic cell differentiation by IFN-alpha in systemic lupus erythematosus. , 2001, Science.

[75]  M Markman,et al.  Lysophosphatidic acid as a potential biomarker for ovarian and other gynecologic cancers. , 1998, JAMA.

[76]  T. Schnitzer,et al.  Serum interferon levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. , 1982, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[77]  A. Notkins,et al.  Immune interferon in the circulation of patients with autoimmune disease. , 1979, The New England journal of medicine.