Evaluation of drug candidates: efficacy readouts during lead optimization.

[1]  T. Reese,et al.  Cytoprotection does not preserve brain functionality in rats during the acute post‐stroke phase despite evidence of non‐infarction provided by MRI , 2000, NMR in biomedicine.

[2]  R. Busch,et al.  Experimental pulmonary emphysema induced in the rat by intratracheally administered elastase: morphogenesis. , 1984, Environmental research.

[3]  R. Coleman,et al.  Synthesis and evaluation of 18F-labeled choline as an oncologic tracer for positron emission tomography: initial findings in prostate cancer. , 2001, Cancer research.

[4]  M. Rudin,et al.  In vivo assessment of macromolecular content in articular cartilage of the goat knee , 2003, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[5]  F. Buonanno,et al.  Proton NMR imaging in experimental ischemic infarction. , 1983, Stroke.

[6]  M. Rudin,et al.  Effects of calcium antagonists on high‐energy phosphates in ischemic rat brain measured by 31P NMR spectroscopy , 1987, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[7]  Lohmander Ls,et al.  Articular cartilage and osteoarthrosis. The role of molecular markers to monitor breakdown, repair and disease. , 1994 .

[8]  J. Fozard,et al.  Pulmonary inflammation monitored noninvasively by MRI in freely breathing rats. , 2002, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[9]  M. Rudin,et al.  Magnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation of rejection of a kindney allograft in the rat , 1996, Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation.

[10]  B. Siesjö,et al.  Brain energy metabolism , 1978 .

[11]  R. Coleman,et al.  Comparison of [18 F]fluorocholine and [18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose for positron emission tomography of androgen dependent and androgen independent prostate cancer. , 2002, The Journal of urology.

[12]  M. Osteaux,et al.  Inhibitory effect of somatostatin analogue RC-160 on the growth of hepatic metastases of colon cancer in rats: a study with magnetic resonance imaging. , 1992, Cancer research.

[13]  L W Hedlund,et al.  Detection of emphysema in rat lungs by using magnetic resonance measurements of 3He diffusion. , 2000, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[14]  M. Rudin,et al.  Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging of estradiol‐induced pituitary hyperplasia in rats , 1988, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[15]  Thomas Krucker,et al.  Age-Dependent Cerebrovascular Abnormalities and Blood Flow Disturbances in APP23 Mice Modeling Alzheimer's Disease , 2003, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[16]  R. Pauwels,et al.  The effect of endotoxin inhalation on airway responsiveness and cellular influx in rats. , 1990, The American review of respiratory disease.

[17]  C. Wiessner,et al.  Targeting monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 signalling in disease , 2003, Expert opinion on therapeutic targets.

[18]  J. Lindon,et al.  Metabonomics: a platform for studying drug toxicity and gene function , 2002, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery.

[19]  R Mark Henkelman,et al.  Multiple‐mouse MRI , 2003, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[20]  Mathias Hoehn-Berlage,et al.  Potassium-Induced Cortical Spreading Depressions during Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats: Contribution to Lesion Growth Assessed by Diffusion-Weighted NMR and Biochemical Imaging , 1996, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[21]  Peter Boesiger,et al.  Myocardial tagging with 3D‐CSPAMM , 2002, Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.

[22]  K. Davis,et al.  Correlation Between Aβx-40–, Aβx-42–, and Aβx-43–Containing Amyloid Plaques and Cognitive Decline , 2001 .

[23]  R R Edelman,et al.  Oxygen‐enhanced magnetic resonance ventilation imaging of the human lung at 0.2 and 1.5 T , 1999, Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.

[24]  Kai Hu,et al.  Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in small animal models of human heart failure , 2003, Medical Image Anal..

[25]  R. D'Hooge,et al.  Age‐dependent cognitive decline in the APP23 model precedes amyloid deposition , 2003, The European journal of neuroscience.

[26]  V. Callot,et al.  Helium-3 MRI diffusion coefficient: correlation to morphometry in a model of mild emphysema , 2003, European Respiratory Journal.

[27]  Eduard E de Lange,et al.  MRI of the lungs using hyperpolarized noble gases , 2002, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[28]  D. Burstein,et al.  Nondestructive imaging of human cartilage glycosaminoglycan concentration by MRI , 1999, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[29]  C. Jack,et al.  Prediction of AD with MRI-based hippocampal volume in mild cognitive impairment , 1999, Neurology.

[30]  V. Schmithorst,et al.  MR imaging of murine arthritis using ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles. , 2001, Magnetic resonance imaging.

[31]  M. Rausch,et al.  Dynamic patterns of USPIO enhancement can be observed in macrophages after ischemic brain damage , 2001, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[32]  W. Manning,et al.  Measurement of left ventricular mass in rats using electrocardiogram-gated magnetic resonance imaging. , 1990, The American journal of physiology.

[33]  Vasilis Ntziachristos,et al.  Optical imaging of apoptosis as a biomarker of tumor response to chemotherapy. , 2003, Neoplasia.

[34]  J. Stamler,et al.  Nitric oxide synthase in human and rat lung: immunocytochemical and histochemical localization. , 1993, American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology.

[35]  D. Blake,et al.  Quantitative assessment of the rheumatoid synovial microvascular bed by gadolinium-DTPA enhanced magnetic resonance imaging , 1998, Annals of the rheumatic diseases.

[36]  D W Holdsworth,et al.  Fundamental image quality limits for microcomputed tomography in small animals. , 2003, Medical physics.

[37]  R. Davis,et al.  In vivo detection and imaging of phosphatidylserine expression during programmed cell death. , 1998, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[38]  T. Wieloch,et al.  Postischemic Blockade of AMPA but Not NMDA Receptors Mitigates Neuronal Damage in the Rat Brain following Transient Severe Cerebral Ischemia , 1992, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[39]  J. Caillé,et al.  Correlation between clinical status and macrophage activity imaging in the central nervous system of rats. , 2002, Academic radiology.

[40]  D. Delpy,et al.  Noninvasive investigation of cerebral ischemia by phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance. , 1982, Pediatrics.

[41]  J. Nährig,et al.  Positron emission tomography using [(18)F]Fluorodeoxyglucose for monitoring primary chemotherapy in breast cancer. , 2000, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[42]  Klaus Scheffler,et al.  Titration of the BOLD effect: Separation and quantitation of blood volume and oxygenation changes in the human cerebral cortex during neuronal activation and ferumoxide infusion , 1999, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[43]  Daniel E. Hall,et al.  Rapid and quantitative assessment of cancer treatment response using in vivo bioluminescence imaging. , 2000, Neoplasia.

[44]  E. Manseau,et al.  Expression of vascular permeability factor (vascular endothelial growth factor) and its receptors in adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract. , 1993, Cancer research.

[45]  Ralph Weissleder,et al.  In vivo molecular target assessment of matrix metalloproteinase inhibition , 2001, Nature Medicine.

[46]  J M Pauly,et al.  Lung parenchyma: projection reconstruction MR imaging. , 1991, Radiology.

[47]  Jicun Hu,et al.  Dynamic small animal lung imaging via a postacquisition respiratory gating technique using micro-cone beam computed tomography. , 2004, Academic radiology.

[48]  R. Balázs,et al.  Early Evolution and Recovery from Excitotoxic Injury in the Neonatal Rat Brain: A Study Combining Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Electrical Impedance, and Histology , 1994, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[49]  M E Moseley,et al.  Comparison of diffusion‐ and T2‐weighted MRI for the early detection of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rats , 1991, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[50]  Mathias Hoehn,et al.  Diffusion‐ and perfusion‐weighted MR imaging of transient focal cerebral ischaemia in mice , 1999, NMR in biomedicine.

[51]  J Nuyts,et al.  18FDG-Positron emission tomography for the early prediction of response in advanced soft tissue sarcoma treated with imatinib mesylate (Glivec). , 2003, European journal of cancer.

[52]  W. Hacke,et al.  Thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke: controlled trials and clinical experience. , 1999, Neurology.

[53]  R. Weissleder,et al.  In vivo imaging of protease activity in arthritis: a novel approach for monitoring treatment response. , 2004, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[54]  G. Semenza,et al.  Regulation of mammalian O2 homeostasis by hypoxia-inducible factor 1. , 1999, Annual review of cell and developmental biology.

[55]  M. Rausch,et al.  Predictability of FTY720 efficacy in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by in vivo macrophage tracking: Clinical implications for ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging , 2004, Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.

[56]  J. Fozard,et al.  Mechanism of airway hyperresponsiveness to adenosine induced by allergen challenge in actively sensitized Brown Norway rats , 2001, British journal of pharmacology.

[57]  D. Burstein,et al.  Magnetization transfer in cartilage and its constituent macromolecules , 1995, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[58]  J. Wettstein,et al.  In vivo neuroprotective effects of ACEA 1021 confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging in ischemic stroke. , 2003, European journal of pharmacology.

[59]  Thomas Wisniewski,et al.  Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 51:794–798 (2004) MRI Assessment of Neuropathology in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease , 2022 .

[60]  N. Beckmann,et al.  Effects of Sandimmune neoral on collagen-induced arthritis in DA rats: characterization by high resolution three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging and by histology. , 1998, Journal of magnetic resonance.

[61]  D. van Ormondt,et al.  Analysis of NMR Data Using Time Domain Fitting Procedures , 1992 .

[62]  M. Rudin,et al.  Strain-dependent drug effects in rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke. , 1995, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[63]  M. Rausch,et al.  MRI‐based monitoring of inflammation and tissue damage in acute and chronic relapsing EAE , 2003, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[64]  S. Larson,et al.  Imaging transgene expression with radionuclide imaging technologies. , 2000, Neoplasia.

[65]  S. Urwyler,et al.  Biphenyl-derivatives of 2-amino-7-phosphono-heptanoic acid, a novel class of potent competitive N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists—II. Pharmacological characterization in vivo , 1996, Neuropharmacology.

[66]  Rick M Dijkhuizen,et al.  Correlation between Brain Reorganization, Ischemic Damage, and Neurologic Status after Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study , 2003, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[67]  W. Negendank,et al.  Studies of human tumors by MRS: A review , 1992, NMR in biomedicine.

[68]  B. Faller,et al.  High-throughput permeability pH profile and high-throughput alkane/water log P with artificial membranes. , 2001, Journal of medicinal chemistry.

[69]  W. Nyhan,et al.  The uptake of a variety of amino acids into nuclear proteins of tumors and other tissues. , 1959, Cancer research.

[70]  C. Tung,et al.  Early diagnosis of osteoarthritis using cathepsin B sensitive near-infrared fluorescent probes. , 2004, Osteoarthritis and cartilage.

[71]  M. Rudin,et al.  Spirapril and cilazapril inhibit neointimal lesion development but cause no detectable inhibition of lumen narrowing after carotid artery balloon catheter injury in the rat. , 1993, Blood pressure.

[72]  R. Weissleder,et al.  Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide: an intravenous contrast agent for assessing lymph nodes with MR imaging. , 1990, Radiology.

[73]  T J Brady,et al.  True three-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance neuro-imaging in ischemic stroke: correlation of NMR, X-ray CT and pathology. , 1983, Stroke.

[74]  Robert R. Edelman,et al.  Noninvasive assessment of regional ventilation in the human lung using oxygen–enhanced magnetic resonance imaging , 1996, Nature Medicine.

[75]  S. Pauwels,et al.  Production of [2-11C]thymidine for quantification of cellular proliferation with PET. , 1991, International journal of radiation applications and instrumentation. Part A, Applied radiation and isotopes.

[76]  R J Seitz,et al.  Diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MRI. The DWI/PWI mismatch region in acute stroke. , 1999, Stroke.

[77]  M. Rudin,et al.  Proton MRI of lung parenchyma reflects allergen‐induced airway remodeling and endotoxin‐aroused hyporesponsiveness: A step toward ventilation studies in spontaneously breathing rats , 2004, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[78]  Markus Rudin,et al.  In vivo detection of amyloid-β deposits by near-infrared imaging using an oxazine-derivative probe , 2005, Nature Biotechnology.

[79]  Susumu Mori,et al.  Detection of amyloid plaques in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease by magnetic resonance imaging , 2004, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[80]  Markus Rudin,et al.  In vivo qualitative assessments of articular cartilage in the rabbit knee with high‐resolution MRI at 3 T , 2003, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[81]  P. Doevendans,et al.  Real-time imaging of apoptotic cell-membrane changes at the single-cell level in the beating murine heart , 2001, Nature Medicine.

[82]  Ming Zhao,et al.  Non-invasive detection of apoptosis using magnetic resonance imaging and a targeted contrast agent , 2001, Nature Medicine.

[83]  Markus Rudin,et al.  Age-Dependent Impairment of Somatosensory Response in the Amyloid Precursor Protein 23 Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease , 2003, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[84]  Markus Rudin,et al.  Magnetic resonance angiography of the rat cerebrovascular system without the use of contrast agents , 1999, NMR in biomedicine.

[85]  L. Pitts,et al.  Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of nimodipine-treated acute experimental focal cerebral ischemia. , 1986, Acta radiologica. Supplementum.

[86]  J. Beloeil,et al.  In‐vivo high resolution three‐dimensional MRI studies of rat joints at 7 T , 2003, NMR in biomedicine.

[87]  H. Thierens,et al.  Kinetics of [methyl-11C]thymidine in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. , 1996, Acta oncologica.

[88]  G A Johnson,et al.  Detection of neuritic plaques in Alzheimer's disease by magnetic resonance microscopy. , 1999, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[89]  G. Fagg,et al.  Differing effects of α-difluoromethylornithine and CGP 40116 on polyamine levels and infarct volume in a rat model of focal cerebral ischaemia , 1992, Neuroscience Letters.

[90]  W J Manning,et al.  Studies of Gd‐DTPA relaxivity and proton exchange rates in tissue , 1994, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[91]  J. Fozard,et al.  MRI of lung parenchyma in rats and mice using a gradient‐echo sequence , 2001, NMR in biomedicine.

[92]  S Mierisová,et al.  MR spectroscopy quantitation: a review of frequency domain methods , 2001, NMR in biomedicine.

[93]  S. Forsén,et al.  Study of Moderately Rapid Chemical Exchange Reactions by Means of Nuclear Magnetic Double Resonance , 1963 .

[94]  A. Gurney,et al.  Toll-like receptor-2 mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced cellular signalling , 1998, Nature.

[95]  G Lucignani,et al.  Measurement of Local Cerebral Blood Flow with [14C]Iodoantipyrine in the Mouse , 1988, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[96]  Mathias Hoehn,et al.  Monitoring of implanted stem cell migration in vivo: A highly resolved in vivo magnetic resonance imaging investigation of experimental stroke in rat , 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[97]  G. Feuerstein,et al.  Inflammation and Stroke: Putative Role for Cytokines, Adhesion Molecules and iNOS in Brain Response to Ischemia , 2000, Brain pathology.

[98]  K. Hossmann Treatment of Experimental Cerebral Ischemia , 1982, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[99]  Lieve Moons,et al.  Abnormal blood vessel development and lethality in embryos lacking a single VEGF allele , 1996, Nature.

[100]  Klaas P Pruessmann,et al.  Parallel Imaging at High Field Strength: Synergies and Joint Potential , 2004, Topics in magnetic resonance imaging : TMRI.

[101]  R. Watson,et al.  Role of endotoxin in mononuclear phagocyte‐mediated inflammatory responses , 1994, Journal of leukocyte biology.

[102]  C. Smith,et al.  Adhesion molecules and inflammatory injury , 1994, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[103]  M. Rudin,et al.  Noninvasive 3D MR microscopy as a tool in pharmacological research: application to a model of rheumatoid arthritis. , 1995, Magnetic resonance imaging.

[104]  R. E. Guzman,et al.  In vivo micro computed tomography of subchondral bone in the rat after intra-articular administration of monosodium iodoacetate. , 2004, Contemporary topics in laboratory animal science.

[105]  P. Barnes New treatments for copd , 2002, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery.

[106]  J. Martin,et al.  The contribution of airway smooth muscle to airway narrowing and airway hyperresponsiveness in disease. , 2000, The European respiratory journal.

[107]  C. Reutelingsperger,et al.  Expression on B Cells Undergoing Apoptosis Annexin V for Flow Cytometric Detection of Phosphatidylserine , 2022 .

[108]  M. Rovaris,et al.  The use of magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis: lessons learned from clinical trials , 2004, Multiple sclerosis.

[109]  W. V. van Gilst,et al.  The effects of short- and long-term treatment with an ACE-inhibitor in rats with myocardial infarction. , 1991, Basic research in cardiology.

[110]  M. Rudin,et al.  Calcineurin inhibitors FK506 and SDZ ASM 981 alleviate the outcome of focal cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury. , 1999, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[111]  T. Back Pathophysiology of the Ischemic Penumbra—Revision of a Concept , 1998, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology.

[112]  M. Reivich,et al.  THE [14C]DEOXYGLUCOSE METHOD FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF LOCAL CEREBRAL GLUCOSE UTILIZATION: THEORY, PROCEDURE, AND NORMAL VALUES IN THE CONSCIOUS AND ANESTHETIZED ALBINO RAT 1 , 1977, Journal of neurochemistry.

[113]  G. Johnson,et al.  Dynamic lung morphology of methacholine‐induced heterogeneous bronchoconstriction , 2004, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[114]  A. Buchan,et al.  Blockade of the AMPA receptor prevents CA1 hippocampal injury following severe but transient forebrain ischemia in adult rats , 1991, Neuroscience Letters.

[115]  D. Wilcox,et al.  A new spin on an old model: in vivo evaluation of disease progression by magnetic resonance imaging with respect to standard inflammatory parameters and histopathology in the adjuvant arthritic rat. , 1999, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[116]  J. Fozard,et al.  Resolution of the oedema associated with allergic pulmonary inflammation in rats assessed noninvasively by magnetic resonance imaging , 2003, British journal of pharmacology.

[117]  J. Seagrave,et al.  Bcl-2 in LPS- and allergen-induced hyperplastic mucous cells in airway epithelia of Brown Norway rats. , 2000, American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology.

[118]  M. Rudin,et al.  Long‐term protection of brain tissue from cerebral ischemia by peripherally administered peptidomimetic caspase inhibitors , 2001 .

[119]  Donald S. Williams,et al.  Measurement of brain perfusion by volume‐localized NMR spectroscopy using inversion of arterial water spins: Accounting for transit time and cross‐relaxation , 1992, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[120]  J R MacFall,et al.  MR microscopy of the rat lung using projection reconstruction , 1993, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[121]  H. Adams,et al.  Management of acute ischemic stroke. , 1999, Clinics in geriatric medicine.

[122]  M. Rausch,et al.  Characterization of CNS disorders and evaluation of therapy using structural and functional MRI , 2003, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[123]  M. Rudin,et al.  Quantitative and qualitative assessment of articular cartilage in the goat knee with magnetization transfer imaging. , 2001, Magnetic resonance imaging.

[124]  R L Wahl,et al.  Metabolic monitoring of breast cancer chemohormonotherapy using positron emission tomography: initial evaluation. , 1993, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[125]  R. Weissleder,et al.  Molecular imaging in drug discovery and development , 2003, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery.

[126]  E. Canet,et al.  Helium3 Polarization Using Spin Exchange Technique: Application to Simultaneous Pulmonary Ventilation/Perfusion Imaging in Small Animals , 2003, Investigative radiology.

[127]  Noninvasive determination of regional cerebral blood flow in rats using dynamic imaging with Gd(DTPA) , 1991, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[128]  Klaus G. Petry,et al.  Dose and scanning delay using USPIO for central nervous system macrophage imaging , 1999, Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine.

[129]  M. Rausch,et al.  In‐vivo visualization of phagocytotic cells in rat brains after transient ischemia by USPIO , 2002, NMR in biomedicine.

[130]  Dianna D Cody,et al.  In vivo respiratory-gated micro-CT imaging in small-animal oncology models. , 2004, Molecular imaging.

[131]  J. Martin,et al.  Inflammatory cell populations in the airways and parenchyma after antigen challenge in the rat. , 1993, The American review of respiratory disease.

[132]  D. N. Landon,et al.  Duration and selectivity of blood-brain barrier breakdown in chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis studied by gadolinium-DTPA and protein markers. , 1990, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[133]  N. van Bruggen,et al.  Assessing tumor angiogenesis using macromolecular MR imaging contrast media , 1997, Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.

[134]  R Weissleder,et al.  In vivo imaging of proteolytic enzyme activity using a novel molecular reporter. , 2000, Cancer research.

[135]  Yannick Crémillieux,et al.  Dynamic 3He imaging for quantification of regional lung ventilation parameters , 2003, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[136]  S. Warach,et al.  Therapeutic time window of thrombolytic therapy following stroke , 2004, Current atherosclerosis reports.

[137]  K. Nicolay,et al.  Interferon-Beta Prevents Cytokine-Induced Neutrophil Infiltration and Attenuates Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption , 2003, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[138]  T. A. Carpenter,et al.  Cartilage swelling and loss in a spontaneous model of osteoarthritis visualized by magnetic resonance imaging. , 1996, Osteoarthritis and cartilage.

[139]  L. Vargova,et al.  Dynamic changes in water ADC, energy metabolism, extracellular space volume, and tortuosity in neonatal rat brain during global ischemia , 1996, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[140]  H. Coenen,et al.  Cerebral metabolism of L-[2-18F]fluorotyrosine, a new PET tracer of protein synthesis. , 1989, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[141]  E. Hoffman,et al.  Tomographic measurement of local cerebral glucose metabolic rate in humans with (F‐18)2‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose: Validation of method , 1979, Annals of neurology.

[142]  S. Malawista,et al.  Analysis of the PKC-γ-Related Immunocrossreactive Region of a Novel Leukocyte Protein γ-rp , 1999, Inflammation.

[143]  T. Hara,et al.  PET imaging of prostate cancer using carbon-11-choline. , 1998, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[144]  In vivo NMR in pharmaceutical research. , 1992, Magnetic resonance imaging.

[145]  B. Dardzinski,et al.  MRI diffusion mapping of reversible and irreversible ischemic injury in focal brain ischemia , 1994, Neurology.

[146]  M. Cutolo Macrophages as Effectors of the Immunoendocrinologic Interactions in Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases a , 1999, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[147]  J. M. Taylor,et al.  Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging: an early surrogate marker of therapeutic efficacy in brain tumors. , 2000, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[148]  A. A. Spector,et al.  Cytotoxic effect of cis-parinaric acid in cultured malignant cells. , 1991, Cancer research.

[149]  Helen D'Arceuil,et al.  MR Detection of Cortical Spreading Depression Immediately after Focal Ischemia in the Rat , 1996, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[150]  G Allan Johnson,et al.  Measurement of regional lung function in rats using hyperpolarized 3helium dynamic MRI , 2003, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[151]  Meng Yang,et al.  Real-time optical imaging of primary tumor growth and multiple metastatic events in a pancreatic cancer orthotopic model. , 2002, Cancer research.

[152]  K. Brindle,et al.  Induction of apoptosis in two mammalian cell lines results in increased levels of fructose‐1,6‐Bisphosphate and CDP‐choline as determined by 31P MRS , 1998, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[153]  O. Haraldseth,et al.  Perfusion and diffusion-weighted MR imaging for in vivo evaluation of treatment with U74389G in a rat stroke model. , 1995, Stroke.

[154]  N. van Bruggen,et al.  Quantification of cortical bone loss and repair for therapeutic evaluation in collagen-induced arthritis, by micro-computed tomography and automated image analysis. , 2004, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[155]  R. Pauwels,et al.  The effect of a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor on the modulation of airway responsiveness in rats. , 1995, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.

[156]  M. Staufenbiel,et al.  Pathogenic Mechanisms of Alzheimer's Disease Analyzed in the APP23 Transgenic Mouse Model , 2000, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[157]  G. Allan Johnson,et al.  Functional MR microscopy of the lung using hyperpolarized 3He , 1999 .

[158]  F. Podo Tumour phospholipid metabolism , 1999, NMR in biomedicine.

[159]  R. Henkelman,et al.  Magnetization transfer in MRI: a review , 2001, NMR in biomedicine.

[160]  J. Boehm,et al.  Disease-modifying activity of SB 242235, a selective inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis. , 2000, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[161]  K. Ishiwata,et al.  Metabolic changes of glioma following chemotherapy: an experimental study using four PET tracers , 1992, Journal of Neuro-Oncology.

[162]  K Scheffler,et al.  Analysis of input functions from different arterial branches with gamma variate functions and cluster analysis for quantitative blood volume measurements. , 2000, Magnetic resonance imaging.

[163]  M. Rudin,et al.  Dihydropyridine calcium antagonists reduce the consumption of high-energy phosphates in the rat brain. A study using combined 31P/1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy and 31P saturation transfer. , 1989, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[164]  J. Buckwalter,et al.  Articular Cartilage and Osteoarthritis , 1954 .

[165]  G. Haddad,et al.  Mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced neuronal apoptosis , 2000, Progress in Neurobiology.

[166]  Ralph Weissleder,et al.  Imaging of Stem Cell Recruitment to Ischemic Infarcts in a Murine Model , 2004, Stroke.

[167]  V. Perry,et al.  Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Deficiency is Protective in a Murine Stroke Model , 2002, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[168]  J. Kucharczyk,et al.  Magnetic resonance imaging of diffusion and perfusion , 1991, Topics in magnetic resonance imaging : TMRI.

[169]  V. Fadok,et al.  Loss of Phospholipid Asymmetry and Surface Exposure of Phosphatidylserine Is Required for Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells by Macrophages and Fibroblasts* , 2001, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[170]  C. Wiessner,et al.  Protective effect of a caspase inhibitor in models for cerebral ischemia in vitro and in vivo. , 2000, Cellular and molecular biology.

[171]  C. D. Arnett,et al.  Glucose Metabolic Rate Kinetic Model Parameter Determination in Humans: The Lumped Constants and Rate Constants for [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose and [11C]Deoxyglucose , 1985, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[172]  D. Tank,et al.  Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation. , 1990, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[173]  J. Harkema,et al.  In vivo effects of endotoxin on intraepithelial mucosubstances in rat pulmonary airways. Quantitative histochemistry. , 1992, The American journal of pathology.

[174]  B. Siesjö,et al.  Amelioration by cyclosporin A of brain damage following 5 or 10 min of ischemia in rats subjected to preischemic hyperglycemia , 1997, Brain Research.

[175]  J. Ingwall,et al.  Reaction rates of creatine kinase and ATP synthesis in the isolated rat heart. A 31P NMR magnetization transfer study. , 1985, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[176]  J. Fozard,et al.  Effects of a mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor on allergic airways inflammation in the rat studied by magnetic resonance imaging. , 2003, European journal of pharmacology.

[177]  G. Small,et al.  Binding Characteristics of Radiofluorinated 6-Dialkylamino-2-Naphthylethylidene Derivatives as Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Probes for β-Amyloid Plaques in Alzheimer's Disease , 2001, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[178]  A. Shields,et al.  Development of labeled thymidine analogs for imaging tumor proliferation. , 1996, Nuclear medicine and biology.

[179]  K. Zierler,et al.  On the theory of the indicator-dilution method for measurement of blood flow and volume. , 1954, Journal of applied physiology.

[180]  R. Damadian Tumor Detection by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance , 1971, Science.

[181]  R. Henkelman,et al.  Understanding pulsed magnetization transfer , 1997, Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.

[182]  M. Viallon,et al.  Dynamic imaging of hyperpolarized 3He distribution in rat lungs using interleaved‐spiral scans , 2000, NMR in biomedicine.

[183]  P R Allegrini,et al.  Application of magnetic resonance imaging to the measurement of neurodegeneration in rat brain: MRI data correlate strongly with histology and enzymatic analysis. , 1992, Magnetic resonance imaging.

[184]  Thomas L. Chenevert,et al.  Noninvasive real-time imaging of apoptosis , 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[185]  P. Carnochan,et al.  Radiolabelled 5'-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine: a promising alternative to [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose for PET studies of early response to anticancer treatment. , 1999, Nuclear medicine and biology.

[186]  H. Hartung,et al.  Animal models for autoimmune demyelinating disorders of the nervous system. , 2000, Molecular medicine today.

[187]  R. Scheuermann,et al.  Annexin V staining due to loss of membrane asymmetry can be reversible and precede commitment to apoptotic death. , 1999, Experimental cell research.

[188]  B. Furr,et al.  The development of Casodex (bicalutamide): preclinical studies. , 1996, European urology.

[189]  D. Green,et al.  Early redistribution of plasma membrane phosphatidylserine is a general feature of apoptosis regardless of the initiating stimulus: inhibition by overexpression of Bcl-2 and Abl , 1995, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[190]  M. Rudin,et al.  Analysis of tracer transit in rat brain after carotid artery and femoral vein administrations using linear system theory. , 1997, Magnetic resonance imaging.

[191]  Michael E. Phelps,et al.  PET: Molecular Imaging and Its Biological Applications , 2004 .

[192]  J. Sherley,et al.  Regulation of human thymidine kinase during the cell cycle. , 1988, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[193]  M. Weiner,et al.  31P NMR saturation transfer measurements of phosphorus exchange reactions in rat heart and kidney in situ. , 1986, Biochemistry.

[194]  D N Firmin,et al.  Investigating intrinsic myocardial mechanics: The role of MR tagging, velocity phase mapping, and diffusion imaging , 2000, Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.

[195]  J. Fozard,et al.  Noninvasive detection of endotoxin-induced mucus hypersecretion in rat lung by MRI. , 2002, American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology.

[196]  M. Rudin,et al.  Measurement of Reaction Rates In Vivo Using Magnetization Transfer Techniques , 1992 .

[197]  D. Ponde,et al.  Repetitive imaging of reporter gene expression in the lung. , 2003, Molecular imaging.

[198]  J. Hennig,et al.  PTK787/ZK 222584, a specific vascular endothelial growth factor-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, affects the anatomy of the tumor vascular bed and the functional vascular properties as detected by dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. , 2002, Cancer research.

[199]  W. Kaiser,et al.  In vivo imaging of experimental arthritis with near-infrared fluorescence. , 2004, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[200]  S. Forsén,et al.  Exchange Rates by Nuclear Magnetic Multiple Resonance. III. Exchange Reactions in Systems with Several Nonequivalent Sites , 1964 .

[201]  F. Westwood,et al.  Characterisation of the guinea pig model of osteoarthritis by in vivo three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. , 2003, Osteoarthritis and cartilage.

[202]  S. Sarkar,et al.  Disease-modifying activity of SB 273005, an orally active, nonpeptide αvβ3 (vitronectin receptor) antagonist, in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis , 2001 .

[203]  M. Rudin,et al.  Determination of creatine kinase kinetic parameters in rat brain by NMR magnetization transfer. Correlation with brain function. , 1993, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[204]  D. Mankoff,et al.  Kinetic analysis of 2-[11C]thymidine PET imaging studies: validation studies. , 1999, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[205]  M. Jucker,et al.  Mechanisms of Cerebrovascular Amyloid Deposition: Lessons from Mouse Models , 2000, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[206]  J. Ulatowski,et al.  Rapid monitoring of changes in water diffusion coefficients during reversible ischemia in cat and rat brain , 1994, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[207]  B. Sommer,et al.  Two amyloid precursor protein transgenic mouse models with Alzheimer disease-like pathology. , 1997, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[208]  J. Verweij,et al.  Potentiation of apoptosis by flavopiridol in mitomycin-C-treated gastric and breast cancer cells. , 1997, Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.

[209]  D. Gadian,et al.  Monitoring the initial expansion of focal ischaemic changes by diffusion‐weighted MRI using a remote controlled method of occlusion , 1994, NMR in biomedicine.

[210]  M. Rausch,et al.  Restricted diffusion in the brain of transgenic mice with cerebral amyloidosis , 2004, The European journal of neuroscience.

[211]  L W Hedlund,et al.  MR-compatible ventilator for small animals: computer-controlled ventilation for proton and noble gas imaging. , 2000, Magnetic resonance imaging.

[212]  N. Beckmann,et al.  Macrophage infiltration into the rat knee detected by MRI in a model of antigen‐induced arthritis , 2003, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[213]  T. Reese,et al.  In vivo magnetic resonance methods in pharmaceutical research: current status and perspectives , 1999, NMR in biomedicine.

[214]  F. Barkhof,et al.  Characterization of tissue damage in multiple sclerosis by nuclear magnetic resonance. , 1999, Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences.

[215]  P. Tofts Modeling tracer kinetics in dynamic Gd‐DTPA MR imaging , 1997, Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.

[216]  Progression of a focal ischemic lesion in rat brain during treatment with a novel glycine/nmda antagonist: An in vivo three‐dimensional diffusion‐weighted MR microscopy study , 1997, Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.

[217]  M Cercignani,et al.  Magnetisation transfer ratio and mean diffusivity of normal appearing white and grey matter from patients with multiple sclerosis , 2001, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[218]  R Weissleder,et al.  Near-infrared optical imaging of protease activity for tumor detection. , 1999, Radiology.

[219]  M. Rudin,et al.  In Vivo Phosphorus-31 NMR: Potential and Limitations , 1992 .

[220]  F. Barone,et al.  The Role of Cytokines in the Neuropathology of Stroke and Neurotrauma , 1998, Neuroimmunomodulation.

[221]  R. Blasberg,et al.  “Facilitated” Amino Acid Transport is Upregulated in Brain Tumors , 1998, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[222]  P. Tofts,et al.  Measurement of the blood‐brain barrier permeability and leakage space using dynamic MR imaging. 1. Fundamental concepts , 1991, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[223]  P. Barber,et al.  MR molecular imaging of early endothelial activation in focal ischemia , 2004, Annals of neurology.

[224]  G. Semenza,et al.  Oncogenic alterations of metabolism. , 1999, Trends in biochemical sciences.

[225]  Thomas Wisniewski,et al.  Detection of Alzheimer's amyloid in transgenic mice using magnetic resonance microimaging , 2003, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[226]  T L Chenevert,et al.  Monitoring early response of experimental brain tumors to therapy using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. , 1997, Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.

[227]  M. Moseley,et al.  Magnetic Resonance Imaging Detection of an Experimental Pulmonary Perfusion Deficit Using a Macromolecular Contrast Agent: Polylysine–Gadolinium-DTPA40 , 1992, Investigative radiology.

[228]  S. Butcher,et al.  Tacrolimus (FK506) ameliorates skilled motor deficits produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. , 1996, Stroke.

[229]  M. Rudin,et al.  Partial inhibition of the growth of transplanted dunning rat prostate tumors with the long-acting somatostatin analogue sandostatin (SMS 201-995). , 1988, Cancer research.

[230]  M. Rudin,et al.  Calcium antagonists reduce the extent of infarction in rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model as determined by quantitative magnetic resonance imaging. , 1986, Stroke.

[231]  Vasilis Ntziachristos,et al.  A submillimeter resolution fluorescence molecular imaging system for small animal imaging. , 2003, Medical physics.

[232]  J. Vogels,et al.  Non-invasive measurement of brain damage in a primate model of multiple sclerosis. , 2004, Trends in molecular medicine.

[233]  W. Oyen,et al.  Fluorinated amino acids for tumour imaging with positron emission tomography , 2002, European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.

[234]  L. Steinman,et al.  ICAM-1 expression in autoimmune encephalitis visualized using magnetic resonance imaging , 2000, Journal of Neuroimmunology.

[235]  M. Rausch,et al.  Recovery of function in cytoprotected cerebral cortex in rat stroke model assessed by functional MRI , 2002, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[236]  R. Weissleder,et al.  Near-infrared fluorescent imaging of tumor apoptosis. , 2003, Cancer research.

[237]  R G Shulman,et al.  Cerebral metabolic studies in vivo by 31P NMR. , 1983, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[238]  J. Zimmer,et al.  Microglial and macrophage reactions mark progressive changes and define the penumbra in the rat neocortex and striatum after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion , 1997 .

[239]  A. Halayko,et al.  Mechanisms of inflammation-mediated airway smooth muscle plasticity and airways remodeling in asthma , 2003, Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology.

[240]  B. Mattsson,et al.  Neural grafting to experimental neocortical infarcts improves behavioral outcome and reduces thalamic atrophy in rats housed in enriched but not in standard environments. , 1997, Stroke.

[241]  G. Carter,et al.  ABT-963 [2-(3,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-4-(3-hydroxy-3-methyl-butoxy)-5-(4-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-2H-pyridazin-3-one], A Highly Potent and Selective Disubstituted Pyridazinone Cyclooxgenase-2 Inhibitor , 2004, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

[242]  H. Hartung,et al.  New concepts in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis , 2002, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[243]  R. P. Stroemer,et al.  Effects of Implantation Site of Stem Cell Grafts on Behavioral Recovery From Stroke Damage , 2002, Stroke.

[244]  J. Fozard,et al.  Techniques: magnetic resonance imaging of the lung provides potential for non-invasive preclinical evaluation of drugs. , 2003, Trends in pharmacological sciences.

[245]  M. Reiser,et al.  Magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) and MTC-subtraction: enhancement of cartilage lesions and intracartilaginous degeneration in vitro , 1994, Skeletal Radiology.

[246]  W G O'Dell,et al.  Imaging three-dimensional cardiac function. , 2000, Annual review of biomedical engineering.

[247]  K. Brindle,et al.  Techniques: Visualizing apoptosis using nuclear magnetic resonance. , 2003, Trends in pharmacological sciences.

[248]  N. Beckmann,et al.  High-resolution three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging for the investigation of knee joint damage during the time course of antigen-induced arthritis in rabbits. , 1999, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[249]  Michael Chopp,et al.  The temporal evolution of MRI tissue signatures after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rat , 1997, Journal of the Neurological Sciences.

[250]  Markus Rudin,et al.  Compromised Hemodynamic Response in Amyloid Precursor Protein Transgenic Mice , 2002, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[251]  J. Fozard,et al.  Pulmonary edema induced by allergen challenge in the rat: Noninvasive assessment by magnetic resonance imaging , 2001, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[252]  O. Warburg,et al.  THE METABOLISM OF TUMORS IN THE BODY , 1927, The Journal of general physiology.

[253]  B. Rosen,et al.  Dynamic imaging with lanthanide chelates in normal brain: Contrast due to magnetic susceptibility effects , 1988, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[254]  R S Balaban,et al.  Analysis of water‐macromolecule proton magnetization transfer in articular cartilage , 1993, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[255]  B. Marincek,et al.  Detection of synovial macrophages in an experimental rabbit model of antigen-induced arthritis: ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MR imaging. , 2004, Radiology.

[256]  P. Kelly,et al.  Progressive age-related impairment of cognitive behavior in APP23 transgenic mice , 2003, Neurobiology of Aging.

[257]  M. Staufenbiel,et al.  Spontaneous Hemorrhagic Stroke in a Mouse Model of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy , 2001, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[258]  Andreas Breithecker,et al.  Acute rat lung injury: feasibility of assessment with micro-CT. , 2004, Radiology.

[259]  B Quesson,et al.  In vivo macrophage activity imaging in the central nervous system detected by magnetic resonance , 1999, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[260]  I. Palacios,et al.  High-resolution MRI detects cartilage swelling at the early stages of experimental osteoarthritis. , 2001, Osteoarthritis and cartilage.

[261]  Markus Rudin,et al.  MRI Analysis of the Changes in Apparent Water Diffusion Coefficient, T2 Relaxation Time, and Cerebral Blood Flow and Volume in the Temporal Evolution of Cerebral Infarction Following Permanent Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats , 2001, Experimental Neurology.

[262]  M. Rausch,et al.  PTK787/ZK222584, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, reduces uptake of the contrast agent GdDOTA by murine orthotopic B16/BL6 melanoma tumours and inhibits their growth in vivo , 2005, NMR in biomedicine.