DNA Markers and Plant Breeding Programs

Publisher Summary On a worldwide basis, plant breeding has been one of the most successful technologies developed in modern agriculture: its methods are opportunistic and adaptable to myriad production schemes, they require relatively inexpensive input, and their products have pervasive social benefits. DNA markers have become established as another tool for many phases of crop improvement, but the utility of this technology varies considerably with the application and context of the crop and culture. The world of DNA technology is changing rapidly, whereas plant breeding methodology has remained relatively stagnant. An awareness of genetic diversity and management of crop genetic resources have been important components of plant improvement programs. This chapter attempts to survey the status of selected applications of DNA fingerprinting for activities of common interest to plant breeding programs. There are a number of ways in which DNA markers could improve the management of plant genetic resources for the benefit of plant breeding programs and, ultimately, crop improvement. DNA markers have provided unprecedented opportunities for genetic resolution, and their use will expand, not as a panacea, but as a complement to the existing methods and their inherent limitations. The chapter presents data from several crops to illustrate the use of maps to reveal the features of crop genomes with implications for crop improvement. .

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