Route Optimization for Mobile IP

Route Optimization has been designed within the IETF to ameliorate the problem of triangle routing, a routing artifact introduced by Mobile IP's requirement to route packets destined for a mobile node by way of its home network. In this article, we describe the current protocol specification for the Route Optimization protocol, concentrating on design decisions and justifications. Once the basic mechanisms are explained, we show how they are applied to enable foreign agents to offer smooth handoffs for mobile nodes, and describe the security operations that enable reliable operation of this handoff between foreign agents with which a mobile node has no pre-existing security relationship.

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