Nanotechnology in the Water Industry, Part 1: Occurrence and Risks

I n the last 10–15 years, the application of nanotechnology in sectors as wide ranging as disease treatment and health, electronics, food production, and cosmetics has increased dramatically. There is also potential for nanotechnology to improve water and wastewater treatment and use, including enabling use of traditionally unconventional water sources. However, like any new technology, there are risks associated with nanotechnology use; as such, strategic and wise application is necessary. Broken into two parts, this article provides an overview of nanotechnology applications and implications within the water industry. Part 1 provides a basic background on nanotechnology before surveying the literature on nanoparticle use, fate, and effects in various types of water systems. Part 2 reviews particle detection techniques and provides an assessment of where novel platforms are needed.

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