Variable features on Mars: Preliminary mariner 9 television results

Abstract Systematic Mariner 9 photography of a range of Martian surface features, observed with all three photometric angles approximately invariant, reveals three general categories of albedo variations: (1) an essentially uniform contrast enhancement due to the dissipation of the dust storm; (2) the appearance of splotches, irregular dark markings at least partially related to topography; and (3) the development of both bright and dark linear streaks, generally emanating from craters. Some splotches and streaks vary on characteristic timescales ∼2 weeks; they have characteristic dimensions of kilometers to tens of kilometers. The loci of these features appear in some cases to correspond well to the ground-based albedo markings, and the integrated time variation of splotches and streaks is suggested to produce the classical “seasonal” and secular albedo changes on Mars. The morphology and variability of streaks and splotches, and the resolution of at least one splotch into an extensive dune system, implicates windblown dust as the principal agent of Martian albedo differences and variability.

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