One-point calibration gaze tracking based on eyeball kinematics using stereo cameras

This paper presents a one-point calibration gaze tracking method based on eyeball kinematics using stereo cameras. By using two cameras and two light sources, the optic axis of the eye can be estimated. One-point calibration is required to estimate the angle of the visual axis from the optic axis. The eyeball rotates with optic and visual axes based on the eyeball kinematics (Listing's law). Therefore, we introduced eyeball kinematics to the one-point calibration process in order to properly estimate the visual axis. The prototype system was developed and it was found that the accuracy was under 1° around the center and bottom of the display.