Investigation of power performance and wake on a straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine with field experiments

This paper investigates the power performance and wake characteristics of a straight-bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) with field experiments. In order to observe the aerodynamic forces characteristics, the power performances measured by a torque meter are compared between wind tunnel and field experiments. The values of reference wind and wake velocities are measured through three cup-type anemometers and ultrasonic anemometers. As a result, it is clarified that field experiment result of power coefficient shows higher value than that of wind tunnel experiment at low tip speed ratio in the case of high turbulence intensity. Furthermore, the turbulence intensity has an inhibitory effect on power performance at optimal and high tip speed ratios. The maximum velocity deficit is in the position of −0.2 < y/D < 0. Meanwhile, the recovery process in the velocity deficit region is asymmetric. The predictions of wake velocity distributions in different inflow velocities are also investigated with Gaussian function model. It is estimated that wake velocities recover near the positions of x/D = 3.3 and 4.5 in the cases of Uref = 5.0 and 9.0 m/s. The results have a guiding significance for comprehending the development process of straight-bladed VAWTs.

[1]  H. Lam,et al.  Study of wake characteristics of a vertical axis wind turbine by two- and three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations , 2016 .

[2]  Takao Maeda,et al.  Effect of rotor aspect ratio and solidity on a straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine in three-dimensional analysis by the panel method , 2017 .

[3]  Spyros G. Voutsinas,et al.  STATE OF THE ART IN WIND TURBINE AERODYNAMICS AND AEROELASTICITY , 2006 .

[4]  F. Scarano,et al.  Visualization by PIV of dynamic stall on a vertical axis wind turbine , 2009 .

[5]  Takao Maeda,et al.  Effect of solidity on aerodynamic forces around straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine by wind tunnel experiments (depending on number of blades) , 2016 .

[6]  Krishna Vijayaraghavan,et al.  The effects of aerofoil profile modification on a vertical axis wind turbine performance , 2015 .

[7]  Takao Maeda,et al.  Study on stall behavior of a straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine with numerical and experimental investigations , 2017 .

[8]  Takao Maeda,et al.  Effect of number of blades on aerodynamic forces on a straight-bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbine , 2015 .

[9]  Takao Maeda,et al.  Study on power performance for straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine by field and wind tunnel test , 2016 .

[10]  J. Gordon Leishman,et al.  Challenges in modelling the unsteady aerodynamics of wind turbines , 2002 .

[11]  Takao Maeda,et al.  The influence of flow field and aerodynamic forces on a straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine , 2016 .

[12]  Poul Ejnar Sørensen,et al.  Centralised power control of wind farm with doubly fed induction generators , 2006 .

[13]  C. Ferreira.  The near wake of the VAWT: 2D and 3D views of the VAWT aerodynamics , 2009 .

[14]  Carlos Simao Ferreira,et al.  Wind tunnel hotwire measurements, flow visualization and thrust measurement of a VAWT in skew , 2006 .

[15]  Ye Li,et al.  Three-dimensional Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation of a two-bladed vertical axis wind turbine , 2017 .

[16]  Galih Bangga,et al.  Unsteady Navier-Stokes studies on loads, wake, and dynamic stall characteristics of a two-bladed vertical axis wind turbine , 2017, 1708.08365.

[17]  D. Ragni,et al.  Experimental analysis of the wake of a horizontal-axis wind-turbine model , 2014 .

[18]  Yan Bao,et al.  Numerical simulations of the unsteady aerodynamics of a floating vertical axis wind turbine in surge motion , 2017 .

[19]  S. Tullis,et al.  Power performance of canted blades for a vertical axis wind turbine , 2011 .

[20]  Ernesto Benini,et al.  Effect of Blade Number on a Straight-Bladed Vertical-Axis Darreius Wind Turbine , 2012 .

[21]  A. Laneville,et al.  Dynamic Stall: The Case of the Vertical Axis Wind Turbine , 1986 .

[22]  David S.-K. Ting,et al.  Aerodynamic Factors Affecting Performance of Straight-Bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbines , 2007 .

[23]  Nasir Hayat,et al.  Vertical axis wind turbine – A review of various configurations and design techniques , 2012 .

[24]  Takao Maeda,et al.  Investigation of wake effects on a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine in field experiments (Part I: Horizontal axis direction) , 2017 .

[25]  Takao Maeda,et al.  Measurement of the flow field around straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine , 2016 .

[26]  Mohamed. A. El-Samanoudy,et al.  Effect of some design parameters on the performance of a Giromill vertical axis wind turbine , 2010 .

[27]  T. Maeda,et al.  Experimental investigations of boundary layer impact on the airfoil aerodynamic forces of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine in turbulent inflows , 2017 .

[28]  J. Gordon Leishman,et al.  Challenges in Modeling the Unsteady Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines , 2002 .

[29]  The Design and Testing of Airfoils for Application in Small Vertical Axis Wind Turbines , 2006 .

[30]  Stefan Ivanell,et al.  Simulation of wind turbine wakes using the actuator line technique , 2015, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[31]  Takao Maeda,et al.  Wind tunnel and numerical study of a straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine in three-dimensional analysis (Part I: For predicting aerodynamic loads and performance) , 2016 .

[32]  Daniel Micallef,et al.  The origins of a wind turbine tip vortex , 2014 .

[33]  Ning Qin,et al.  Wind tunnel and numerical study of a small vertical axis wind turbine , 2008 .

[34]  Go Hutomo,et al.  Numerical study on a single bladed vertical axis wind turbine under dynamic stall , 2017 .

[35]  S. Roh,et al.  Effects of a blade profile, the Reynolds number, and the solidity on the performance of a straight bladed vertical axis wind turbine , 2013 .

[36]  Antonio Messineo,et al.  3D CFD Analysis of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine , 2015 .

[37]  Ewald Krämer,et al.  CFD studies on rotational augmentation at the inboard sections of a 10 MW wind turbine rotor , 2017 .

[38]  Takao Maeda,et al.  Investigation of wake characteristics of a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine in vertical axis direction with field experiments , 2017 .

[39]  Ernesto Benini,et al.  The Darrieus wind turbine: Proposal for a new performance prediction model based on CFD , 2011 .

[40]  Hesheng Yu.  A critical review on the simulations of wind turbine aerodynamics focusing on hybrid RANS-LES methods , 2017 .

[41]  Andrzej J. Fiedler,et al.  Blade Offset and Pitch Effects on a High Solidity Vertical Axis Wind Turbine , 2009 .

[42]  Per-Åge Krogstad,et al.  “Blind test” calculations of the performance and wake development for a model wind turbine , 2013 .

[43]  Abdolrahim Rezaeiha,et al.  Effect of pitch angle on power performance and aerodynamics of a vertical axis wind turbine , 2017 .