On the Detection of Frequency-Spectra-Based Chipless RFID Using UWB Impulsed Interrogation

A novel approach is presented to accurately estimate the resonant features of a multipatch backscatter-based chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tag. An ultra-wideband impulse radar (UWB-IR)-based reader interrogates the chipless tag with a UWB pulse, and the received backscatter is analyzed in the time domain. The key components constituting the backscattered signal, the structural mode, and the antenna mode are identified, and their spectral content are analyzed. Analysis shows that the antenna mode backscatter contains the information carrying signal while the structural mode backscatter contains no information about the tag. A semi-analytical model is developed to explain the behavior of the signal backscattered from the chipless RFID tag. Simulation and semi-analytical results are validated by experimental measurements obtained in an anechoic chamber environment using a 4-b multipatch chipless RFID tag. The new method does not rely on calibration tags for operation and has a greater degree of freedom in the orientation of tags with respect to a reader. A novel method, selective spectral interrogation (SSI), that uses a set of interrogation pulses to extract information bits stored in the spectral signature of the chipless tag is also introduced.

[1]  A. Lazaro,et al.  IR-UWB radar system and tag design for time-coded chipless RFID , 2012, 2012 6th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP).

[2]  N.C. Karmakar,et al.  Phase-Encoded Chipless RFID Transponder for Large-Scale Low-Cost Applications , 2009, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[3]  Ronald N. Bracewell,et al.  The Fourier Transform and Its Applications , 1966 .

[4]  Antonio Lazaro,et al.  Chipless UWB RFID Tag Detection Using Continuous Wavelet Transform , 2011, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[5]  Ran Liu,et al.  An ultra-low-cost RFID tag with 1.67 Gbps data rate by ink-jet printing on paper substrate , 2010, 2010 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference.

[6]  R. Bansal,et al.  Antenna theory; analysis and design , 1984, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[7]  M. A. Islam,et al.  A Novel Compact Printable Dual-Polarized Chipless RFID System , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[8]  Nemai Chandra Karmakar,et al.  Chipless RFID: Bar Code of the Future , 2010, IEEE Microwave Magazine.

[9]  T. Hughes,et al.  Signals and systems , 2006, Genome Biology.

[10]  Nemai C. Karmakar,et al.  Design of fully printable planar chipless RFID transponder with 35-bit data capacity , 2009, 2009 European Microwave Conference (EuMC).

[11]  Nemai Chandra Karmakar.  Handbook of Smart Antennas for RFID Systems: Karmakar/Smart Antennas , 2010 .

[12]  Li-Rong Zheng,et al.  Design and implementation of a fully reconfigurable chipless RFID tag using Inkjet printing technology , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[13]  R. V. Koswatta,et al.  A Novel Reader Architecture Based on UWB Chirp Signal Interrogation for Multiresonator-Based Chipless RFID Tag Reading , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[14]  Li-Rong Zheng,et al.  An innovative fully printable RFID technology based on high speed time-domain reflections , 2006, Conference on High Density Microsystem Design and Packaging and Component Failure Analysis, 2006. HDP'06..

[15]  Nemai Karmakar,et al.  Time domain analysis of a backscattering frequency signature based chipless RFID tag , 2011, Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference 2011.

[16]  A. Chamarti,et al.  Transmission Delay Line Based ID Generation Circuit for RFID Applications , 2006, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[17]  Nemai C. Karmakar,et al.  Design of short range chipless RFID reader prototype , 2009, 2009 International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing (ISSNIP).

[18]  M. Manteghi,et al.  Embedded Singularity Chipless RFID Tags , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[19]  Nemai Chandra Karmakar,et al.  Signal Space Representation of Chipless RFID Tag Frequency Signatures , 2011, 2011 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference - GLOBECOM 2011.

[20]  Sanming Hu,et al.  A Balloon-Shaped Monopole Antenna for Passive UWB-RFID Tag Applications , 2008, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[21]  Nemai Karmakar,et al.  UWB-IR based detection for frequency-spectra based chipless RFID , 2012, 2012 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest.