Reconsolidation of fresh, remote, and extinguished fear memory in medaka: old fears don't die

Long‐term fear memory in the medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) regains transient sensitivity to a consolidation blocker immediately after memory reactivation in retrieval (‘reconsolidation’). Here we show that reconsolidation occurs in fresh long‐term memories but not in remote memories, and that the apparent amnesia induced by blockade of reconsolidation can be reinstated by an unpaired reinforcer, a procedure that has no effect on amnesia induced by blockade of consolidation. Extinction memory also undergoes post‐reactivation reconsolidation, the blockade of which exposes the previously acquired fear. Hence in medaka, the process manifested in reconsolidation seems itself to consolidate; moreover, even when the post‐reactivation application of the consolidation blocker is still able to disrupt the memory, the conditioned fear does not seem to go away permanently.

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