Unified particle physics for real-time applications

We present a unified dynamics framework for real-time visual effects. Using particles connected by constraints as our fundamental building block allows us to treat contact and collisions in a unified manner, and we show how this representation is flexible enough to model gases, liquids, deformable solids, rigid bodies and cloth with two-way interactions. We address some common problems with traditional particle-based methods and describe a parallel constraint solver based on position-based dynamics that is efficient enough for real-time applications.

[1]  Yongning Zhu,et al.  Animating sand as a fluid , 2005, SIGGRAPH 2005.

[2]  Matthias Teschner,et al.  Corotated SPH for Deformable Solids , 2009, NPH.

[3]  Ronald Fedkiw,et al.  Coupling water and smoke to thin deformable and rigid shells , 2005, SIGGRAPH '05.

[4]  U. Ascher,et al.  Stabilization of Constrained Mechanical Systems with DAEs and Invariant Manifolds , 1995 .

[5]  Marc Alexa,et al.  Point based animation of elastic, plastic and melting objects , 2004, SCA '04.

[6]  Matthias Müller,et al.  Position based dynamics , 2007, J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent..

[7]  Jos Stam,et al.  Nucleus: Towards a unified dynamics solver for computer graphics , 2009, 2009 11th IEEE International Conference on Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics.

[8]  Matthias Müller,et al.  Position based dynamics , 2007, J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent..

[9]  Richard Tonge,et al.  Mass splitting for jitter-free parallel rigid body simulation , 2012, ACM Trans. Graph..

[10]  Miles Macklin,et al.  Position based fluids , 2013, ACM Trans. Graph..

[11]  Miguel A. Otaduy,et al.  A Survey on Position‐Based Simulation Methods in Computer Graphics , 2014, Comput. Graph. Forum.

[12]  Miguel A. Otaduy,et al.  SPH granular flow with friction and cohesion , 2011, SCA '11.

[13]  Renato Pajarola,et al.  A unified particle model for fluid–solid interactions: Research Articles , 2007 .

[14]  Ronald Fedkiw,et al.  Robust treatment of collisions, contact and friction for cloth animation , 2002, SIGGRAPH Courses.

[15]  Ronald Fedkiw,et al.  A vortex particle method for smoke, water and explosions , 2005, ACM Trans. Graph..

[16]  Tomoyuki Nishita,et al.  Twisting, Tearing and Flicking Effects in String Animations , 2011, MIG.

[17]  M. Gross,et al.  Unified simulation of elastic rods, shells, and solids , 2010, ACM Trans. Graph..

[18]  Eitan Grinspun,et al.  To appear in the ACM SIGGRAPH conference proceedings Efficient Simulation of Inextensible Cloth , 2007 .

[19]  Markus H. Gross,et al.  Particle-based fluid simulation for interactive applications , 2003, SCA '03.

[20]  Robert Bridson,et al.  Animating sand as a fluid , 2005, ACM Trans. Graph..

[21]  M. Teschner,et al.  Meshless deformations based on shape matching , 2005, SIGGRAPH 2005.

[22]  Matthias Teschner,et al.  Unified spray, foam and air bubbles for particle-based fluids , 2012, The Visual Computer.

[23]  Markus H. Gross,et al.  Interaction of fluids with deformable solids , 2004, Comput. Animat. Virtual Worlds.

[24]  G. Turk,et al.  Rigid, melting, and flowing fluid , 2004 .

[25]  Ronald Fedkiw,et al.  Fracturing Rigid Materials , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[26]  Matthias Teschner,et al.  Coupling elastic solids with smoothed particle hydrodynamics fluids , 2013, Comput. Animat. Virtual Worlds.

[27]  E. Guendelman,et al.  Coupling water and smoke to thin deformable and rigid shells , 2005, SIGGRAPH 2005.

[28]  Ronald Fedkiw,et al.  Dynamic simulation of articulated rigid bodies with contact and collision , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[29]  S. Hakkarainen.  Real-time rigid body simulations on GPUs , 2012 .

[30]  Yue Gao,et al.  Simulating Gaseous Fluids with Low and High Speeds , 2009, Comput. Graph. Forum.

[31]  Greg Turk,et al.  Rigid fluid: animating the interplay between rigid bodies and fluid , 2004, ACM Trans. Graph..

[32]  Matthias Teschner,et al.  High-Resolution Simulation of Granular Material with SPH , 2012, VRIPHYS.

[33]  Philippe Beaudoin,et al.  Particle-based viscoelastic fluid simulation , 2005, SCA '05.

[34]  Renato Pajarola,et al.  Eurographics/ Acm Siggraph Symposium on Computer Animation (2008) , 2022 .

[35]  Stephen P. Boyd,et al.  Convex Optimization , 2004, Algorithms and Theory of Computation Handbook.

[36]  Jos Stam,et al.  Stable fluids , 1999, SIGGRAPH.

[37]  Ronald Fedkiw,et al.  Visual simulation of smoke , 2001, SIGGRAPH.

[38]  Eugene Fiume,et al.  Depicting fire and other gaseous phenomena using diffusion processes , 1995, SIGGRAPH.

[39]  Yizhou Yu,et al.  Particle-based simulation of granular materials , 2005, SCA '05.

[40]  Matthias Teschner,et al.  Interaction of fluids with deformable solids: Research Articles , 2004 .

[41]  Markus H. Gross,et al.  Lagrangian vortex sheets for animating fluids , 2012, ACM Trans. Graph..

[42]  Matthias Müller,et al.  Solid simulation with oriented particles , 2011, ACM Trans. Graph..

[43]  Matthias Teschner,et al.  Versatile surface tension and adhesion for SPH fluids , 2013, ACM Trans. Graph..

[44]  Bernhard Thomaszewski,et al.  Modelling Effects of Wind Fields in Cloth Animation , 2004, WSCG.

[45]  François Faure.  Interactive Solid Animation Using Linearized Displacement Constraints , 1998, Computer Animation and Simulation.

[46]  Nuttapong Chentanez,et al.  Long range attachments - a method to simulate inextensible clothing in computer games , 2012, SCA '12.

[47]  Seung Woo Lee,et al.  Baroclinic Turbulence with Varying Density and Temperature , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[48]  Robert Bridson,et al.  Linear-time smoke animation with vortex sheet meshes , 2012, SCA '12.

[49]  Thomas Jakobsen,et al.  Advanced Character Physics , 2003 .

[50]  Markus H. Gross,et al.  Meshless deformations based on shape matching , 2005, ACM Trans. Graph..

[51]  Marie-Paule Cani,et al.  Displacement constraints for interactive modeling and animation of articulated structures , 1994, The Visual Computer.

[52]  Sang Il Park,et al.  Vortex fluid for gaseous phenomena , 2005, SCA '05.

[53]  Robert Bridson,et al.  Ghost SPH for animating water , 2012, ACM Trans. Graph..

[54]  Raanan Fattal,et al.  Efficient simulation of inextensible cloth , 2007, SIGGRAPH 2007.

[55]  Ronald Fedkiw,et al.  Nonconvex rigid bodies with stacking , 2003, ACM Trans. Graph..

[56]  Matthias Müller,et al.  Adding Physics to Animated Characters with Oriented Particles , 2011, VRIPHYS.

[57]  Andrew Selle,et al.  A vortex particle method for smoke, water and explosions , 2005, ACM Trans. Graph..

[58]  N. Chentanez,et al.  Solid simulation with oriented particles , 2011, SIGGRAPH 2011.

[59]  Richard Corbett.  Point-Based Level Sets and Progress Towards Unorganised Particle Based Fluids , 2005 .

[60]  Matthias Teschner,et al.  Versatile rigid-fluid coupling for incompressible SPH , 2012, ACM Trans. Graph..