Statistics of distant shipping noise

In an earlier paper by Dyer, a rudimentary analytical model was proposed for distant shipping noise in the ocean. This model has been extended to reflect actual ocean conditions better. With this extension, the dependence of statistical parameters on the disposition of ships at sea and on the observational beamwidth and bandwidth may be more readily understood. Predictions of the newer model compare favorably with measurements and are believed to be valid in the frequency range within which the noise of distant shipping dominates wind‐generated sea surface noise or noise of other mechanisms. The dependence on depth and the temporal correlation of the noise envelope are not explicitly considered in the model, but will be discussed.