Evolution of cooling tower fill

The objective of this paper is to discuss the state of the art regarding the development of certain cooling tower fills being used today and in the future. The paper is divided into the following major topics: historical overview, testing and development, economics, and application principles. The heart of the cooling tower is the fill or heat exchange section. It is subjected to much abuse both in operation and during the hypothecations of those charged with the responsibilities for understanding its performance. As in many other industries, much research and development has been ongoing for years to make improvements in efficiency and performance. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to discuss some of the recent developments in fill the motivation for this research, and the extensiveness of the research and development work.