Atmospheric Concentration of 210Pb in East Asia and Its Contribution to Japanese Islands by Long-Range Transport

Atmospheric 210Pb (half-life, 22.3 y) is a longlived progeny of 222Rn (half-life, 3.8 d), which is generated from the earth' s crust, and exists in the atmosphere adsorbed onto the surfaces of aerosol particles. In Fig. 1, the behavior of 238U in the earth' s crust and their progenies ; 226Ra, 222Rn and the related isotopes of Pb , Bi, Po in the atmospheric environment is also shown with their half-lives. Lead-210 is also present in volcanic gasesl), 2) and in the fly ash that floats in the atmosphere as a result of the combustion of coal and petroleum3)-5). Atmospheric 210Pb, which is present in the surface air layer worldwide, ranges in concentration from 0.1 to 10 mBq m-3 over continental areas, depending on the time of year and the specific locality. Its concentration differs among localities, because the atmospheric concentration is partly dependent on the geology of the locality. When the ground surface is covered with snow and ice for long periods of time, such as in Antarctica, the atmospheric concentration of 210Pb tends to be lows6),7). Moreover, the concentration in the maritime atmosphere is lower than

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